Relationship between a Dietary Pattern Derived by Reduced Ranking Regression and Odds of Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance in Adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Introduction: This study aimed to identify a specific dietary pattern related to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in Tehranian adults. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 1063 men and women ≥25 years of age participating in the third phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The dietary pattern was derived by reduced ranking regression (RRR), using 34 food items as predictors and serum insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as response variables. The relationship between a dietary pattern and odds of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (IR) was investigated, and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. Results: The mean, standard deviation of age, and BMI of the participants was 43.0±12.2 years and 27.4±4.8 kg/m2. The derived patterns included higher consumption of processed meat, fish, drinkable yogurt, lemon juice, pickles, leafy vegetables, and lower consumption of starchy vegetables, garlic and onions, dried fruits, nuts, red meat, high-fat dairy, and coffee. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, a higher adherence to this pattern was associated with increased odds of hyperinsulinemia (OR=1.69, 95%CI=1.17-1.23, Ptrend=0.005) and IR (OR=2.97, 95%CI=1.66-5.32, Ptrend <0.001). Conclusion: In this study, an RRR-derived dietary pattern related to serum insulin and HOMA-IR was associated with a higher odds of hyperinsulinemia and IR.