بررسی مقایسه‌ای امید به زندگی و خوشبینی در دانش‌آموزان ناشنوا و شنوا

The purpose of this current research is to conduct a comparative analysis of hope and optimism between Normal intermediate female students and those suffering from hearing impairment in the city of Esfehan .The method of this research was a causal-comparative one. Base on this, 60 female students at the intermediate level(30 normal students and 30 hearing impaired ones) were randomly selected and They filled out the (1985) Carver and Share questionnaire having 8 items and the (1991) Schnider's adult self – reported hope standard. To analyze the data, in addition to using the statistical descriptive index, Pearson's coefficiency and the A test of the two independent groups were also utilized. Findings: The difference in mean between the two groups in the hope scale was equal to 7.40 which indicated the normal students had a score higher than those having hearing impairment. In addition to this difference, the mean between the two groups, as for as the optimism variance is concerned, was equal to 2 indicating the normal students had a higher score in optimism compared to the hearing- impaired students. On the other hand, the results of the to test indicated that the difference between the two groups in regards to hope and optimism variances was, statistically, significant. Based on the results, the hearing- impaired students compared to the normal students were more vulnerable as far as hope and optimism are concerned. As a result, this problem should be treated by psychotherapy and counseling. Since there is this belief that positive psychology factors such as hope can protect people against stressful situations, it seems that conducting preventive programs for hearing impaired students can be useful. Additionally, the findings of different studies indicate that optimism has a desirable effect on individuals' health and adaptive behavior which can help them during the stressful situations and it should be elevated among the hearing-impaired individuals.