Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of the Ethanolic Extracts of Propolis, Miswak Twigs and Rosa Damascena on Fungi and Bacteria of Oral Pathogens

Introduction: The first step to oral health is the prevention and treatment of the disease in its early stages, which affects the quality of life, self-confidence and social relationships. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of Propolis, Miswak and Rosa damascene on oral pathogens. Methods: The medicinal plants Miswak, Rosa damascene and Propolis, after preparation and drying, were extracted by ethanol solvent by maceration method and its antimicrobial properties were investigated by disk diffusion, well diffusion and determination of minimum inhibitory and lethal concentration. Results: The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Rosa damasce compared to Miswak and Propolis showed highest diameter of no growth in the disk and well methods on the bacteria and fungi studied and its antifungal effects was better than antibacterial effects. It was higher and the extract of this plant had a stronger inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans than Lactobacillus acidophilus and in some cases with the inhibitory effect of 0.2% fluoride was observed to be somewhat equal. Ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena with the lowest MIC showed the highest growth inhibitory effect after antibiotics and 0.2% fluoride. Conclusions: Ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena had a higher antimicrobial effect and with better MIC and MFC / MBC had a better inhibitory effect on oral pathogens.