Identification and determination of different alkaloids from Atropa belladonna L. by Gas chromatography method

Background & Aim: A. belladonna (family: Solanaceae) is one of important pharmaceutical plants which contain tropane ‎alkaloids. Tropane alkaloids are distinct group of secondary metabolites of the ‎Solanaceae family.  The most important alkaloids of A. belladonna are atropine and hyoscine that are used extensively because of their medicinal properties. Therefore Identification and ‎Determination‏ ‏of Different Alkaloids rate by Gas chromatography (GC) Method in Iran various areas are necessary. Experimental: The accessions were collected from five different regions including Ardabil, Marzanabad, Tonekabon, Karaj and Ramsar (Iran) and all of plant organs were dried. Using ‎change of pH‏ ‏and solvents, the alkaloids contents were extracted and the identified and finally ‎the amount of each alkaloid was determined. Results & Discussion: Atropine contents in the accessions of Ardebil, Marzanabad, Tonekabon, Karaj, and Ramsar were ‎determined 1.8, 1.62, 1.01, 0.76 and 0.67 % respectively. Hyoscine contents were determined 0.47, ‎‎0.23, 1.23, 0.16 and 0.09 % respectively. And amount of both total alkaloids were determined 2.66, ‎‎1.85, 2.24, 0.92 and 0.76 % respectively. In this study, the highest amount of atropine (1.8 %), and both ‎total alkaloids which extracted from all dried plant organs belong to the accessions from Ardebil and the ‎highest amount of hyoscine (0.46 %) were determined in the accessions from Tonekabon. The lowest ‎amount of hyoscine, atropine and both total alkaloids belong to the accessions were from Ramsar‎.   Industrial and practical recommendations: According to the findings of this study, for extraction more atropine and collection of atropine and   hyoscine from Atropa bladonna, the samples of Ardabil region can be recommended.