introduction and classification of seljuq pottery

The Seljuq arts is one of the most brilliant and prominent periods in Iranian art history, and considerable progress has been made in all the arts, including the pottery. The possibility of producing white bodies (white clay) due to the lack of kaolin was one of the Iranian potter’s long-standing aspirations. Iranian Seljuq potteries used a new artificial body called stone paste (Bādānehaye Jesmī or Sāngīneh). The use of new artificial bodies and alkaline glazes helped potters lead the coordination and uniformity of the composition of the body and glaze, which led to the development of Iranian potter’s decorative techniques and technical capabilities.  The present article uses a descriptive-analytical method to study and classify the pottery of this period and examine the technologies used in this period pottery, including the technology of making new bodies,  types of dishes of this period Introduces and classifies. This period most important pottery consists of Seljuq white wares, Seljuq colored dishes with a monochrome glaze, Silhouette ware, under glaze wares, lusterware, Minaiic wares. Seljuq white wares were decorated with various motifs. Seljuq colored dishes with a monochrome glaze available in different ranges of blue, turquoise, yellow, brown, violet, and purple. Seljuq colored dishes design shows improvement over previous samples. Silhouette ware, an intermediary between the art of older decorations and newer under glaze decorations, was skillfully done on newer bodies. Under glaze ware peak can be seen in this period that was done with two different painting methods under colored glaze and painting under colorless glaze, and its peak can be seen in this period. Lusterware, which is one of the most attractive decorations in the history of Islamic pottery. Lusterwares of the Seljuq period is divided into three groups: Monumental, Miniature, and Kashan. In the monumental style, the themes were large, and the way these themes were displayed was vivacious. The miniature style of lusterware is different from the style of monumental in painting methods, motifs, approach to decoration, and finally, in the form of wares style. However, some common elements and ideas Show that both styles are closely related to each other. Kashan style is the most brilliant style of lusterware. Although the range of subjects is more limited than other styles, however, this stylish best works are comparable in terms of design and composition with the illustrated copies of this period. Minai wares (Enamels) that were done with the painting technique on glaze are the final important pottery group of this period. The artist usually used seven colors in the glaze of these dishes. These seven colors were: red, brown, cobalt blue, green, black, white, and gold. The particular importance of this pottery is in the representation of some scenes and how they are performed. There is no background for enamel pottery, and it should be considered an Iranian invention.