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چکیده
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In the present study I describe the 150-year history of school-based English language assessment in Japan. This history is divided into four major periods according to the purposes of English language education set by the government in the different periods: (1) 1860 to 1945, whe
Introduction: The principles of the School of Natural Rights during the Age of Entitlement, i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries, regarding the centrality of human being, his freedom and self-determination, as well as the human rights recommendations and documentations designed and
It has been said and accepted that teaching produces learning. This view is acclaimed in both the traditional, as well as in open distance learning (ODL). However, when we use technology for teaching distance courses, can we also assume that technology can produce effective dista
A key issue in models of lexical production is whether a model of hearer knowledge influences speakers’ productions. In this study we investigate whether the durational shortening of repeated words is a consequence of mutual knowledge, or if it is a byproduct of speaker internal
Diversity is widely celebrated and pursued in parts of American society, particularly within academe. Diversity is clearly associated with moral goods, such as justice, and with practical goods, such as the variety and quality of ideas. But from a social psychological point of vi
We hypothesise tha t agents who engage in taskcontains 128 such dialogues; in this work we examined oriented dialogue usually t ry to complete the task with eight plus a set of dialogues from the pilot s tudy used the least effort which will produce a satisfactory soin Shadbol t