The effect of aquatic activity and alogenic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells fortified with Platelet-Rich Plasma in treatment of Achilles tendon in rat

The aim of this study was to the effect of aquatic activity and alogenic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells fortified with Platelet-Rich Plasma in treatment of Achilles tendon in rat.  74 Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and tendon injury was formed in 69 of them. Subsequently, these rats were randomly divided into 8 groups and 5 rats which were without any injuries were chosen as the control group.  72 hours after the surgery, isolated cells from bone marrow and PRP were injected to the groups via catheters. The experimental groups had aquatic activity for 8 weeks. At the end of the eighth week, the Achilles tendon was separated and H&E and Mason Trichrome were used for special staining to assess the tendon healing. The results show there is a significant difference between the studied groups on the Achilles tendon healing. Also, results from histopathological examination indicated that there is a significant difference between the studied groups on the number of fibroblasts, collagen deposition, cellularity and tendon diameter. It could be generally concluded that, using these treatment methods could help with the tendon healing through bounding with target cells membrane receptors such as fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial, which leads to activation of a series of intracellular proteins and as a result of their activities some reactions happen that lead into formation of matrix and collagen synthesis.