Mahboobeh Mansoori

Department of English Language and Literature, College of Letters and Humanities, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

[ 1 ] - The Structural Invariance of a Model of Washback to Test Takers’ Perceptions and Preparation: The Moderating Role of Institutions

Test washback is held to be complex and multifaceted in that a host of cultural, social, individual, test, and institutional factors are involved in shaping it. Thus far, the majority of washback studies have had as their focus the role of teachers in test washback or washback to teachers. How educational environments or institutions might function in isolation or in interaction with other fact...

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