Three novel conjugation metabolites of colchicine were identified in rat bile facilitated by enhanced on-line liquid chromatography-accurate radioisotope counting. The known 2- and 3-demethylcolchicines (DMCs) underwent O-sulfate conjugation in addition to the previously described O-glucuronidation. 2-DMC was preferably O-glucuronidated, whereas 3-DMC predominantly yielded O-sulfation conjugate...

A long-standing tenet of clinical trial conduct is that the accumulating data must be monitored, if not continuously then at regular intervals during the trial. Such regular review helps to ensure that risks to participants are not greater than anticipated and that the study is being conducted appropriately. Early randomized trials were typically monitored by the investigator(s), the research f...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Limited decision-making capacity (DMC) of older people affects their abilities to communicate about their preferences regarding end-of-life care. In an advance directive (AD) people can write down preferences for (non)treatment or appoint a proxy as a representative in (non)treatment choices in case of limited DMC.The aim is to study limited DMC during the end of life a...

BACKGROUND The Daming capsule (DMC) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat hyperlipoidemia. Both clinic trials and studies on animal models have demonstrated that DMC is beneficial against diabetic symptoms. Impairment of the baroreflex can cause life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was designed to elucidate the effec...

IMPORTANCE For antidepressants, the translation of evidence of comparative effectiveness into practice is suboptimal. This deficit directly affects outcomes and quality of care for patients with depression. To overcome this problem, we developed the Depression Medication Choice (DMC) encounter decision aid, designed to help patients and clinicians consider the available antidepressants and the ...

In this paper, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membranes that were supported using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membrane were developed for the pervaporation (PV) of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from a methanol solution. Experimental studies on the solubility and the diffusivity of pure DMC and methanol in the membrane were first measured. Higher DMC uptake indicates that th...

Consumption of herbal tea [flower buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr. et Perry (Myrtaceae)] is associated with health beneficial effects against multiple diseases including diabetes, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease. Emerging evidences have reported that High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is considered as a key "late" proinflammatory factor by its unique secretion pattern in afo...

OBJECTIVE Decision-making capacity (DMC) is an indispensable prerequisite for patients' informed consent and therefore directly related to the right to self-determination. In view of this ethical implication, valid and reliable assessment of DMC is essential to best practice. In general, and with particular regard to the Swiss context, little is known about healthcare practitioners' knowledge o...

In this study, we investigated the ability of 6,7-dimethoxy-4-methylcoumarin (DMC) to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells, and the molecular mechanism through which this inhibition occurred. Our results indicated that DMC downregulated LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) ex...