In quantum information processing operations are often processed alongside measurements which result in classical data. Due to the gain of measurement outputs non-unitary dynamical processes can take place on system, for common channel descriptions fail describe time evolution. Quantum correctly treated by means so-called instruments capturing both and post-measurement states. Here we present a...

A unitary t-design is a powerful tool in quantum information science and fundamental physics. Despite its usefulness, only approximate implementations were known for general t. In this paper, we provide circuits that generate exact t-designs any t on an arbitrary number of qubits. Our construction inductive practical use small systems. We then introduce tth-order generalization randomized bench...

We use density-matrix simulations to study the performance of three distance quantum error correction (QEC) codes in context rare-earth (RE) ion-doped crystal platform for computing. analyze pseudothresholds these when parallel operations are not available, and examine behavior both with without resting errors. In RE systems, errors can be mitigated by extending system's ground-state coherence ...

musculoskeletal disorders have devoted a high percentage of occupational injuries and is one of the leading causes of occupational injuries and disabilities in industrialized and developing countries. the aims of this study were to evaluate exposure of musculoskeletal disorders risk factors by quick exposure check (qec) technique and to determine prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and thei...