Our understanding of how cells communicate has undergone a paradigm shift since the recent recognition of the role of exosomes in intercellular signaling. In this study, we investigated whether oxygen tension alters the exosome release and miRNA profile from extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells, modifying their bioactivity on endothelial cells (EC). Furthermore, we have established the exosomal...

BACKGROUND During pregnancy, maternal uterine spiral arteries (SAs) are remodelled from minimal-flow, high-resistance vessels into larger diameter vessels with low resistance and high flow. Fetal extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) have important roles in this process. Decidual natural killer cells (dNK cells) are the major maternal immune component of the decidua and accumulate around SAs before t...

4 GARCH Models 7 4.1 Basic GARCH Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2 Diagnostic Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.3 Regressors in the Variance Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.4 The GARCH–M Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.5 The Threshold GARCH (TARCH) Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.6 The Exponential GARCH (EG...

Martin Odening and Jan Hinrichs Abstract: This article examines problems that may occur when conventional Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimators are used to quantify market risks in an agricultural context. For example, standard VaR methods, such as variance-covariance method or historical simulation, can fail when the return distribution is fat tailed. This problem is aggravated when long-term VaR for...

This paper investigates the forecasting ability of five different versions of GARCH models. The five GARCH models applied are bivariate GARCH, GARCH-ECM, BEKK GARCH, GARCH-X and GARCH-GJR. Forecast errors based on four emerging stock futures portfolio return (based on forecasted hedge ratio) forecasts are employed to evaluate out-ofsample forecasting ability of the five GARCH models. Daily data...

To capture the missed information in the standardized errors by parametric multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (MV-GARCH) model, we propose a new semiparametric MV-GARCH (SM-GARCH) model. This SM-GARCH model is a twostep model: firstly estimating parametric MV-GARCH model, then using nonparametric skills to model the conditional covariance matrix of the standa...

Previously we showed that extravillous cytotrophoblast (EVT) outgrowth and migration on a collagen gel explant model were affected by exposure to decidual natural killer cells (dNK). This study investigates the molecular causes behind this phenomenon. Genome wide DNA methylation of exposed and unexposed EVT was assessed using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (450 K array...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent trials have shown the superiority of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) over medical therapy alone in certain stroke patients with proximal arterial occlusion. Using data from the Randomized Trial of Revascularization With Solitaire FR Device Versus Best Medical Therapy in the Treatment of Acute Stroke due to Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion Presenting With...