We present a new 4D printing approach that can create high resolution (up to a few microns), multimaterial shape memory polymer (SMP) architectures. The approach is based on high resolution projection microstereolithography (PμSL) and uses a family of photo-curable methacrylate based copolymer networks. We designed the constituents and compositions to exhibit desired thermomechanical behavior (...

Graphene is an important nanocarbon nanofiller for polymeric matrices. The polymer–graphene nanocomposites, obtained through facile fabrication methods, possess significant electrical–thermal–mechanical and physical properties technical purposes. To overcome challenges of nanocomposite processing high performance, advanced strategies have been applied to design the next-generation materials–dev...

This paper presents a method for four-dimensional (4D) printing of soft pneumatic actuator robot (SPA)s, using nonlinear machine learning (ML) and finite element model (FEM). A FEM is developed to accurately simulate experimental actuation obtain training data the ML modeling. More than thousand samples from hyperelastic material generated use as model, which was predict geometrical requirement...

Bioprinting is an innovative and essential technology that has created a revolutionary impact on both medical and pharmaceutical sciences and gained considerable interest worldwide. The term “Bioprinting” refers to the contemporaneous printing of living cells and biomaterials (via execution of various bioink printing methods) in a stipulated layer-by-layer stacking pattern in predefined locatio...

Soft tactile sensors (STSs) combine the flexibility and converting ability between mechanical forces electrical signals. 4D printing was first introduced in 2013, attracted great interest because of its versatile functionalities actuators, artificial muscles, STSs, soft energy harvesting, pneumatic nets, electroactive polymers, electronics. Using concept to fabricate STSs is promising, yet it a...

Abstract Typical techniques for creating synthetic morphing structures suffer from a compromise between quick shape change and geometric complexity. A novel approach is proposed encoding numerous shapes forms by magneto-electroactive memory polymer composite (SMPC) integrating sustainability with 4D printing (4DP) technology. Electrically driven, remote controllability, reaction are the feature...