This paper presents experimental investigations of the in situ diagnosis of the alkali metals in the municipal solid waste (MSW) flame of an industrial grade incinerator using flame emission spectroscopy. The spectral radiation intensities of the MSW flame were obtained using a spectrometer. A linear polynomial fitting method is proposed to uncouple the continuous spectrum and the characteristi...

We report a large-eddy simulation (LES)/probability density function (PDF) modeling study of a turbulent lifted ethylene jet flame in a heated air coflow, using a 22-species reduced chemical mechanism. In this flame, the central ethylene jet is ignited by the heated coflow, and the lifted jet flame base stabilization reaches a statistically stationary state. In this LES/PDF study, the filtered ...

The objective of this paper is to understand the effect of droplet size (decreasing from a millimeter scale to a micron scale) on the combustion characteristics of nanofluid fuels (liquid fuels with suspensions of energetic nanoparticles). An experiment was developed to produce a droplet stream with droplet sizes ranging from 100-500 μm and spacing between 200-600 μm. The droplet stream was ign...

Tomographic analysis is used to provide a correction to low-pressure stoichiometric premixed CH(4)/O(2) flame temperatures measured with tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy employing CO two-line thermometry. It is shown that flame temperatures measured with line-of-sight-based two-line thermometry are always too low and that the correction to the observed temperature is a nonlinear func...

We present a detailed set of measurements from a piloted, sooting, turbulent C2H4fueled diffusion flame. Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) is used to monitor temperature and oxygen, while laser-induced incandescence (LII) is applied for imaging of the soot volume fraction in the challenging jet-flame environment at Reynolds number, Re = 20,000. Single-la...

Temperature measurements have been performed in a low-pressure flame by the technique of diode laser induced atomic fluorescence. The experiments were done in a near-stoichiometric flat-flame of premixed methane, oxygen and nitrogen, at a pressure of 5.3 kPa. Indium atoms were seeded to the flame and probed using blue diode lasers; the lineshapes of the resulting fluorescence spectra were used ...

Granada oscillation code (GraCo) is a software constructed to compute adiabatic and non-adiabatic oscillation eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. The adiabatic version gives the standard numerical resolution, and also the Richardson extrapolation, different sets of eigenfunctions, different outer mechanical boundary conditions or different integration variables. The non-adiabatic version can includ...

In this study, two flames of iso-pentanol were stabilized on a 60-mm flat flame burner at a low pressure of 15 Torr and analyzed by a flame-sampling molecular-beam setup coupled to a mass spectrometer (MBMS). Singlephoton ionization by synchrotron-generated vacuum-UV radiation with high energy resolution (E/∆E ∼0.04 eV) and/or electron ionization was combined with a custom-built reflectron time...

Ferroelectric perovskite oxides possess large electrocaloric effect, but only at high temperature, which limits their potential as next generation solid state cooling devices. Here, we demonstrate from phase field simulations that a giant adiabatic temperature change exhibits near room temperature in the strained ferroelectric PbTiO₃ nanotubes, which is several times in magnitude larger than th...