An intense orographic precipitation event on 5 January 2013 is analyzed using a polarimetric C-band radar situated north of the Alps. The radar is operated at the meteorological observatory Hohenpeißenberg (MHP, 1006 m a.s.l. – above sea level) of the German Meteorological Service (DWD). The event lasted about 1.5 days and in total 44 mm precipitation was measured at Hohenpeißenberg. Detailed h...

This paper investigates the dynamical processes throughwhich the Tibetan Plateau (TP) influences theEast Asian summer monsoon (EASM) within the framework of the moist static energy (MSE) budget, using both observations and atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations. The focus is on the most prominent feature of the EASM, the so-called meiyu–baiu (MB), which is characterized by a w...

This paper revisits the classical problem of convectively driven one-dimensional (parallel) flow along an infinite vertical plate. We consider flows induced by an impulsive (step) change in plate temperature, a sudden application of a plate heat flux, and arbitrary temporal variations in plate temperature or plate heat flux. Provision is made for pressure work and vertical temperature advection...

The Colorado Plateau, surrounded by a ring of mountains, has the meteorological characteristics of a basin. Deep, persistent potential temperature inversions form in this basin in winter. The formation, maintenance, and dissipation of these inversions are investigated using two to four times daily radiosonde data from the winter and early spring of 1989–90. In winter, inversion evolution is for...

The two main principles underlying the use of isentropic maps of potential vorticity to represent dynamical processes in the atmosphere are reviewed, including the extension of those principles to take the lower boundary condition into account. The first is the familiar Lagrangian conservation principle, for potential vorticity (PV) and potential temperature, which holds approximately when adve...

The vertical transport of tracers by a cumulus ensemble at the TOGA-COARE site is modelled during a 7 day episode using 2-D and 3-D cloud-resolving setups of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. Lateral boundary conditions (LBC) for tracers, water vapour, and wind are specified and the horizontal advection of trace gases across the lateral domain boundaries is considered. Furthermore,...

The biosphere–atmosphere interactions associated with the rainy season onset in South America (SA) are not well understood. This study aimed to analyze atmospheric and surface patterns early, neutral, late tropical regions of SA. following years represented each onset: 1998, 2006, 2009 (early), 2001, 2004, 2005 (neutral), 2000, 2007, 2008 (late). early (late) were negative (positive) date anoma...

[1] Variability of the circulation in the Coral Sea, accompanied by large heat transport anomalies, has the potential to have detrimental impacts on underlying ecosystems, including the Great Barrier Reef. In this study we analyze the dynamics of three events, characterized by extremes in sea-surface temperature, as simulated in an eddy-resolving ocean reanalysis. We show that a cooling in Apri...

Ground transportation of pigs at early ages is typical in modern swine production because the young animals are often produced in one part of the country and finished in another. One challenge associated with this practice is the profit-stripping incidence of mortality and compromised animal welfare due to stress stemming from unfavorable transporting conditions. The objective of this study was...