in the current turbulent environment, sustainable organizational success cannot be achieved without considering organizational learning. due to the global pressures, higher education institutions including agriculture colleges should turn to learning organizations to face the challenges ahead. hence, the purpose of this descriptive correlational study is to investigate organizational learning a...

We study the design of contracts that incentivize experts to collect information and truthfully report it a decision maker. depart from most previous literature by assuming transfers cannot depend on realized state or ex post payoff The contract thus has induce “monitor each other” making contingent entire vector reports. characterize least costly implements any given efforts derive cost functi...

We consider a cross-calibration test of predictions by multiple potential experts in a stochastic environment. This test checks whether each expert is calibrated conditional on the predictions made by other experts. We show that this test is good in the sense that a true expert—one informed of the true distribution of the process—is guaranteed to pass the test no matter what the other potential...

This research aims to evaluate the sustainability of standard agricultural systems in 5 important villages Sholgara district Balkh province Afghanistan. To agriculture each village, three main environmental, economic, and social criteria were determined, criterion is composed several sub-criteria; total, 18 sub-criteria considered. data was collected form a questionnaire from farmers experts. c...

nowadays, thousands tons of chemicals material are used to increase agricultural production that provides a risky situation for the communities. recently, biological or organic agriculture is considered to get rid of such problems. but this style of agriculture is facing with many difficulties and challenges. this study was performed in three phases by using delphi method. in this regard, the s...

The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview the recent advancements in use deep learning (DL) agricultural sector. author conducted review studies published between 2016 and 2022 highlight various applications DL agriculture, which include counting fruits, managing water, crop management, soil weed detection, seed classification, yield prediction, disease harvesting. fou...

in order to achieve the research objectives, the determinants of framework for assessing the sustainability of food supply chains, literature reviewed and then sustainability assessment framework of food and agriculture organization (fao) introduced as a research basic model. localization and verification of research criteria by using the delphi technique and calculation the importance degree o...