The amyloid beta-protein is deposited in senile plaques and the cerebrovasculature in Alzheimer disease (AD). Since it is derived from proteolytic processing of its parent protein, the amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP), we investigated whether levels of the secreted forms of APP are altered in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients. Quantitative immunoblotting studies with the anti-APP mon...

BACKGROUND Deficient cholinergic function contributes to the cognitive and behavioral signs and symptoms of Alzheimer disease (AD). A successful treatment approach in AD has been the enhancement of cholinergic function by cholinesterase inhibitors. REVIEW SUMMARY Galantamine is a cholinesterase inhibitor and allosteric modulating ligand at nicotinic cholinergic receptors. Galantamine 24 mg/d ...

REFERENCES 1. Nunomura A, Perry G, Aliev G, et al. Oxidative damage is the earliest event in Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2001;60:759-67. 2. Nunomura A, Tamaoki T, Motohashi N, et al. Neuronal RNA oxidation during aging process and in preclinical Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. In press. 3. Shi G-X, Liu C-Z, Wang L-P, Guan L-P, Li S-Q. ...

Introduction: Finding herbs with promising effects to prevent or postpone Alzheimer Disease (AD) is highly demanded. The present study aimed at clarifying plausible effects and related mechanism(s) of Zataria Multiflora Essential Oil (ZMEO) against memory impairment in a rat model of the AD. Methods: Forty male adult rats were categorized into four groups and treated as follows: 1. The Negativ...

OBJECTIVE To compare survival and rates of cognitive and functional decline in patients with autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) in a large multicenter study. BACKGROUND Despite advances in the clinical characterization of FTD, little is known about its rate of progression. Characterizing survival and rate of decline in FTD is important because it can pr...

Importance: Current hypothetical models emphasize the importance of -amyloid in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis, although amyloid alone is not sufficient to account for the dementia syndrome. The impact of smallvessel cerebrovascular disease, visualized as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging scans, may be a key factor that contributes independently to AD prese...

Introduction: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. The modalities to diagnose AD are generally expensive and limited. Both the central nervous system (CNS) and the retina are derived from the cranial neural crest; therefore, changes in retinal layers may reflect changes in the CNS tissue. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) machine can show delicate retinal layer...

Huge unrealized post-genome opportunities remain in the understanding of detailed molecular mechanisms for Alzheimer Disease (AD). In this work, we developed a computational method to rank-order AD-related proteins, based on an initial list of AD-related genes and public human protein interaction data. In this method, we first collected an initial seed list of 65 AD-related genes from the OMIM ...

Analysis of domestic and overseas literature on the relationship between Alzheimer disease (AD) and neural stem cells (NSC) shows that inducing the proliferation and differentiation of hippocampal endogenous NSC in-situ by acupuncture is probably the mechanism of acupuncture therapy in treating AD, and that it may further improve the method for the research on AD.