This study examines the dynamic interaction between oil, natural gas, and prices with Indian economic policy uncertainty (EPU). The finds that gold industrial production are fundamental drivers of in both short long runs, using a autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model monthly data ranging from January 2003 to July 2020. Gold positively related EPU, while is negatively it. Thus, investors e...

The nexus between foreign direct investment and economic growth has long been among the most debated issues in macroeconomics. Some studies find a positive link two factors, but others no evidence. This current research fills gap by analysing causal Indonesia for period 1970-2018. as developing country is one of largest recipients FDI flow; hence study on impact very much important. employs con...

Whereas maize is a primary staple food in Kenya, production volumes have not kept pace with local demand and consumption over time. This has constrained the achievement of Kenyan government’s stated objective access, diversity, nutritional status. Using secondary data from FAOSTAT 1963 to 2016 applying error correction version autoregressive distributed lag model, we estimate Kenya’s subsector’...

This study tries to answer the question, “has macroeconomic instability detrimental impact on gross domestic product of Pakistan over the period of 1980 to 2012?” For reviewing macroeconomic instability a comprehensive macroeconomic instability index is constructed by incorporating inflation rate, unemployment rate, trade deficit and budget deficit. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model h...