The Gibbs free energies of bcc and fcc Mo are calculated from first principles in the quasiharmonic approximation in the pressure range from 350 to 850 GPa at room temperatures up to 7500 K. It is found that Mo, stable in the bcc phase at low temperatures, has lower free energy in the fcc structure than in the bcc phase at elevated temperatures. Our density-functional-theory-based molecular dyn...

The aim of this study was to apply multifailure survival methods to analyze time to multiple occurrences of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Data from 4.5 years of follow-up in a randomized controlled trial, the Nambour Skin Cancer Prevention Trial (1992-1996), to evaluate skin cancer prevention were used to assess the influence of sunscreen application on the time to first BCC and the time to subse...

BACKGROUND In addition to the well-defined histological criteria for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), immunohistochemical techniques can be used in difficult cases for their differentiation. As differential diagnosis between trichoepithelioma (TE) and BCC is sometimes difficult for the clinician and the pathologist, CD10 may be a useful marker for definite diagnosis...

An important property of production functions is the concept return to scale (RTS) as found in the literature. There are two common variations RTS in data envelopment analysis (DEA) used, constant return to scale (CRS) and variation return to scale (VRS). The envelopment surface in BCC model is VRS and this is the result of the presence of the convexity constraint in the dual model and, equival...

Constitutive Hedgehog (HH) signaling underlies several human tumors, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Recently, Bijlsma and colleagues reported a new biologic function for vitamin D3 in suppressing HH signaling in an in vitro model system. On the basis of that work, we have assessed effects of vitamin D3 on HH signaling and proliferation of murine BCCs in vitro and in vivo. We find that in...

Ionizing radiation (IR) is an established cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer, but there is uncertainty about the risk associated with chronic occupational exposure to IR and how it is influenced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. We studied 1,355 incident cases with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 270 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin in a cohort of 65,304 U.S. white radiologic ...

Oxidative damage has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). This study illustrated an involvement of oxidative DNA damage and changes in antioxidant defenses in BCC by conducting a case-control study (24 controls and 24 BCC patients) and assessing urinary 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo), plasma antioxidant defenses including catalase (C...

BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common non-melanoma skin cancer in the Western world. The objective of this study was to examine together germline mutations in the TP53, PTCH, and XPD genes as risk factors for developing BCC at a young age. We hypothesized that mutations in these genes significantly increase the risk of early-onset BCC (< or = 35 years). METHODS The PCR, DNA...

The energetics and atomic structures of 3[11̄0](111) grain boundary (GB) of body-centered cubic (bcc) Ti-Mo and Ti-V alloys are investigated using density-functional-theory calculations and virtual crystal approximation. The electron density in bcc structure and the atomic displacements and excess energy of the GB are correlated to bcc-ω phase stability. Model calculations based on pairwise inte...

BACKGROUND Globally, the burden of cancer continues to increase and it is well-documented that while not a homogeneous population, cancer patients and cancer survivors face many physical, psychological, social, spiritual, and financial issues. Cancer care is shifting from a disease-focused to a patient-centered approach resulting in an increased need to address these concerns. METHODS Utilizi...