Let τ(G) and bind(G) be the toughness and binding number, respectively, of a graph G. Woodall observed in 1973 that τ(G) > bind(G) − 1. In this paper we obtain best possible improvements of this inequality except when (1+ √ 5)/2 < bind(G) < 2 and bind(G) has even denominator when expressed in lowest terms.

Recent studies indicate that synaptic vesicles (SVs) are continuously interchanged among nearby synapses at very significant rates. These dynamics and the lack of obvious barriers confining synaptic vesicles to specific synapses would seem to challenge the ability of synapses to maintain a constant amount of synaptic vesicles over prolonged time scales. Moreover, the extensive mobilization of s...

The goal of this review is to provide an overview of existing research on the environmental tenacity of avian influenza (AI) viruses, to identify gaps in our current understanding, and discuss how this information relates to AI control, eradication, and prevention. We are just beginning to understand the environmental factors that affect infectivity and the extent of variation in environmental ...

The tenacity of this paper is logical investigation of prevailing ANPR system research by cataloguing existing methods analyzing and equate old and new techniques. Automatic number plate recognition is a technique to read character from image and isolate number using various processes and practices. Automatic number plate credit is a image processing techniques. In this paper we used efficient ...

Libraries and book publishers coevolved during the period of information scarcity, and developed cultural traits that are affecting their strategies in the new era of content abundance. Both industries are under threat. The author examines the interdependencies, the similarities, and the different agendas of the two cultures; explores likely speciation within the new ecosystems; and frames reas...

This study was conducted to investigate the hair production and fleece characteristics of hairy goats according to the sex and age of animals. The material of the study consisted one total data of 73 hair goats, which were between more than one year-old and one year-old Lori goats from both sexes (26 males and 47 females). The overall fleece weight, fiber length, lock length, washing yield, hai...

BACKGROUND The effects of mixtures of reducing and oxidising agents on the rheological characteristics and quality of wheat flour dough and the sensory characteristics of buns were studied. RESULTS In chemical analyses, no differences between control dough and doughs with individual mixtures of additives were found. Rheological measurements showed that increasing addition of L-ascorbic acid +...