Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are the portion of a proteoglycan that determine its final shape and function. The molecular structure of predominant GAG species in camel liver and lung is reported for the first time. The one-humped camel survives in an extreme, arid habitat and, thus, offers a good model to study the role of glycomics on homeostasis. Heparan sulfate (HS) from the lung and liver of t...

The Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene of old world camels (Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus) was cloned and sequenced. The TLR2 gene of the dromedary camel had the highest nucleotide and amino acid identity with pig, i.e., 66.8% and 59.6%, respectively. Similarly, the TLR2 gene of the Bactrian camel also had the highest nucleotide and amino acid identity with pig, i.e., 85.7% and 81.4%...

There has been leakage of radioactive materials from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. A heavily contaminated area (≥ ¹³⁴,¹³⁷Cs 1000 kBq m⁻²) has been identified in the area northwest of the plant. The majority of the land in the contaminated area is forest. Here we report the amounts of biomass, litter (small organic matter on the surface of the soil), coarse woody litter, and soil in...

The following case report describes the diagnosis and surgery of bilateral polydactyly of unknown origin in a dromedary camel. A two-year-old, 290 kg, intact female camel was admitted for surgical removal of bilateral supernumerary digits associated with the medial aspects of the metacarpi and proximal to the fetlock joints. Radiographic examination revealed bilateral polydactyly with complete ...

In the paper an attempt was made to study the performance of Indian Banks with the help of CAMEL(C-Capital Adequacy, A- Asset Quality, M- Management Quality, E-Earnings, L-Liquidity i.e. CAMEL) rating system, over the period of five years from (2011 to 2015) and then evaluated out the efficiency of banks with the help of GRA (Grey Relation Analysis) technique there by gaining confidence from in...

Monitoring beach litter is essential for reducing ecological threats towards humans and wildlife. In Monterey Bay, CA information on seasonal and spatial patterns is understudied. Central California's coastal managers require reliable information on debris abundance, distribution, and type, to support policy aimed at reducing litter. We developed a survey method that allowed for trained citizen...

Laboratory decomposition experiments measuring the mineralization of C from plant residue are increasingly used to test the effects of different litter sources and soil conditions. To date, the most widely used methods are infra-red gas analysis (IRGA) and gas chromatography, which are time-consuming, and relatively expensive and complex to operate. The aim of this study was to devise a simple ...

Camel immunoglobulins are a tenth the size of human ones and are highly potent [7]. These properties have been put to use by the Homeland Security Department of the United States government to create biosensors for determining which agent is being used in a biological warfare attack [8]. For hundreds of years camel milk has been used to treat diarrhea even though the identity of the active subs...

Clostridium perfringens type A was isolated from different organs and intestines from three to five weeks old camel calves which have died from heart muscle necrosis. No other bacterial pathogens were isolated. Virus isolation on two different cell lines including a fetal camel skin were also negative. Mice which were injected with bacteria free filtrates prepared from intestinal contents of ne...