OBJECTIVES To establish whether surgery can improve the neuropsychological functioning of young adult patients with spina bifida and apparent clinically arrested hydrocephalus showing abnormal intracranial pressure. METHODS Twenty three young adults with spina bifida and assumed arrested hydrocephalus (diagnosed as active or compensated by continuous intracranial pressure monitoring) underwen...

PURPOSE To describe the clinical characteristics and ophthalmic management of 2 patients who developed gross enophthalmos after ventriculo-peritoneal shunting performed in their teenage years. A key radiologic feature is presented, and a conjectural mechanism is proposed for this disfiguring condition. METHODS Retrospective case note review for 2 patients requiring ophthalmic care for gross e...

Background and Importance: Lumboperitoneal shunts are commonly used to treat several conditions, but their use can result in significant complications. We discuss a complication of these shunts that has not been reported in the literature to date. Case Presentation: An obese, 41-year-old woman admitted to Rasool Akram Hospital complaining of a severe headache and blurred vision. The ...

BACKGROUND Isolated intraventricular neurocysticercosis (NCC) is less frequently seen and can be missed on plain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state (CISS) sequence is an extremely helpful sequence in identifying the lesion but is rarely used routinely. CASE DESCRIPTION Here, we report a case of young male adult who presented with dimi...

To investigate the functioning periods and the causes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt failures, 246 shunts inserted in 208 children from October 1985 to August 1992 at the authors' institute were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age at shunt insertion was 4.0 years and the reasons for the shunting procedures were congenital hydrocephalus (47.6% per procedure), tumor-associated hydrocephalus (21....

Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a devious phenomenon. It is a disease that is difficult to diagnose and difficult to treat, the only treatment being a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, though good shunting results rarely pass a 70% level of effectiveness. We need to understand its pathophysiology better before things will improve. Although some colleagues know it as a possible “reversible dementia”...

Abstract Background Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) represents a terminal condition in subset of patients with primary extra-cranial malignancies. With improved survival rates under novel systemic therapies for tumors, the role cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion via ventriculo-peritoneal shunts (VP-shunt) symptom control hydrocephalic LM is becoming increasingly important. This study hence aime...