International laws and increasing consumer awareness have led to drastic changes in traditional supply chain network designs. Moreover, because of environmental social requirements, networks changed sustainable networks. On the other hand, reverse logistics can be effective terms economic aspects, so design as a closed loop is necessary. In addition, customers demand for different products with...

Designing the supply chain network is one of significant areas in e-commerce business management. This concept plays a crucial role systems. For example, location-inventory-pricing-routing an considered issue this field. field established many severe challenges modern world, like maintaining for returned items, preserving customers’ trust and satisfaction, developing applicable with cost consid...

Closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) are gaining popularity due to their efficiency in addressing economic, environmental, and social concerns. An important point ponder the distribution of CLSC is that imperfect refrigeration bad road conditions may result product non-conformance during transit thus such products be returned node. This hinder level customer satisfaction. paper presents a sustainab...

In this study, we present a multiobjective mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model to design closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) from production stage distribution as well recycling for reproduction. The given network includes centers, potential points establishing of retrieval collecting and the demand points. presented seeks find optimal locations second-hand product collection centers ...

In the recent decade, special attention is paid to reverse logistic due to economic benefits of recovery and recycling of used products as well as environmental legislation and social concerns. On the other hand، many researches claim that separately and sequential planning of forward and reverse logistic causes sub-optimality. Effective transport activities are also one of the most important c...

Although many quantitative models have been reported in the literature for designing a supply chain, none of them address issues that are crucial for the supply chain to successfully operate in a closedloop. To that end, we examine the following: (i) selection of economical products to process, (ii) identification of efficient production facilities in the region where the supply chain is to be ...