It is essential for most organizations and financial institutes to be able to evaluate their decision-making units (DMUs), when there is only a ratio of inputs to outputs (or vice versa) available. In this paper, we will propose our two-stage DEA-R models, which are a combination of data envelopment analysis and ratio data, based on value efficiency. Integrating value efficiency into data envel...

Intra-operative quality assurance and dosimetry optimization in prostate brachytherapy critically depends on the ability of discerning the locations of implanted seeds. Various methods exist for seed matching and reconstruction from multiple segmented C-arm images. Unfortunately, using three or more images makes the problem NP-hard, i.e. no polynomial-time algorithm can provably compute the com...

Noncentral indefinite quadratic expressions in possibly non- singular normal vectors are represented in terms of the difference of two positive definite quadratic forms and an independently distributed linear combination of standard normal random variables. This result also ap- plies to quadratic forms in singular normal vectors for which no general representation is currently available. The ...

podcasting has become a popular means of transferring knowledge in higher education through making lecture contents available to students at their convenience. accessing courses on media players provides students with enhanced learning opportunities. development of teaching methods able to cope with ever-changing nature of medicine is crucial to train the millennium students. pharmacology educa...

The technologies monitoring the transcriptome are under a continuous status of development and implementation, producing high amounts of expression data which require reliable and well structured databases. This chapter provides a general overview and a reliable guide of these technologies, as developed from the early ‘90s until today, and of the most important available expression databases. T...

Considering the circulation of Bordetella pertussis clinical strains among populations with high vaccination coverage, it is necessary to have a proper understanding of this bacterium causing whooping cough. Various techniques, which are available for studying B. pertussis, can facilitate a proper comparison between different populations. We genotypically analyzed a collection of two vaccine st...

The goal of the current study is to determine the optimal level of advertising beyond which advertising expenditure will not be justified by revenues. To achieve the goal first different types of media were rated by experts as to the degree of their importance. Then data ware collected by interviewing the managers and reviewing different media resources. The collected data were then analyze...

In order to achieve the maximum flexibility in adaptation to ever changing customer’s expectations in customer relationship management, appropriate measures of customer behavior should be continually monitored. To this end, control charts adjusted for buyer’s/visitor’s prior intention to repurchase or visit again are suitable means taking into account the heterogeneity across customers. In the ...