objectives this study aimed at reviewing the current literature on the diagnosis, staging, and different treatment strategies for wilms’ tumor with either ureteral or intravascular extension. evidence acquisition in this article, we reviewed the current literature about staging, diagnosis, and management strategies for wt, through a randomized clinical trial, which focused on this matter. the m...

the primary immunodeficiency (pi) disorders are abnormalities in development and maturation of the immune system. individuals with pi disease may experience frequent infections, which limit their abilities to exhibit physical and psychological well-being secondary to their illness. in this survey we compared health-related quality of life of primary immune deficient patients with healthy childr...

Background: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disorder in which electrical cardiac ventricular repolarization is impaired. It results in an increased risk of an irregular heartbeat which can result in palpitations, fainting, drowning, or sudden death. Long QT Syndrome may present as tonic-clonic seizure or a seizure-like disorder. By taking a superficial electrocardiogram (ECG) and proper diagnosis,...

how to cite this article: najafi mr, najafi ma, nasr z. diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis in children. iran j child neurol. summer 2016; 10(3): 13-23. abstract growing evidence indicates the safety and well toleration of treatment by disease-modifying in children suffering multiple sclerosis (ms). the treatment is not straight forward in a great number of patients, thus patients wi...

Background: Toxic exposures in childhood are major health concern. In this hospital-based study, we sought to investigate socio-epidemiological factors contributing to acute pediatric poisoning in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital (KKCTH), a tertiary care hospital for children in Chennai. Child...

Background: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are prone to malnutrition and growth retardation. This study aimed to compare growth status between children with CHD and healthy children.                Materials and Methods: This case–control study included 310 children with CHD and 300 healthy children matched in age and gender. CHD patients grouped according to cardiac diagnosis: ...

objective the aim of this study was to identify the best criteria for diagnosis of migraine in our pediatric population. materials and methods a total of 85 children aged below 15 years who had been referred to the neurology clinic of al-zahra hospital with headache as their chief complaint, were enrolled. validated questionnaires were completed by them. the patients were evaluated using five s...