objective: effect of peppermint on exercise performance was previously investigated but equivocal findings exist. this study aimed to investigate the effects of peppermint ingestion on the physiological parameters and exercise performance after 5 min and 1 h. materials and methods: thirty healthy male university students were randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. ...

background: bromide is found naturally in groundwater and surface water. the rapid growth of industrial activities, drainage of surface runoff, and use of methyl bromide in pesticides has increased bromide discharge to the environment. disinfection of water-containing bromide causes the creation of additional products of organo-halogenated that are considered cancer-causing agents. in this stud...

OBJECTIVE Older driver research has mostly focused on identifying that small proportion of older drivers who are unsafe. Little is known about how normal cognitive changes in aging affect driving in the wider population of adults who drive regularly. We evaluated the association of cognitive function and age with driving errors. METHOD A sample of 266 drivers aged 70 to 88 years were assessed...

In order to design safe vehicles it is important to be able to evaluate in-vehicle systems to determine how distracting they are for people to use while driving. The Peripheral Detection Task (PDT) is a method for measuring the amount of driver mental workload and visual distraction in road vehicles. It is a secondary task measure where drivers must respond to random targets presented in their ...

The major human errors that have proven to be key factors in 80 to 90% of all traffic accidents include “distraction,” taking one’s eyes off the road while driving; “inattentiveness,” switching one’s consciousness from driving to other things; and “false perception” causing recognition mistakes in traffic due to visual illusions. To study human errors causing traffic accidents we evaluated evas...

Drivers in urban neighborhoods who patrol streets, seeking inexpensive on-street parking create a significant fraction of measured traffic congestion. The pool of drivers patrolling at any time can be modeled as a queue, where ‘queue service’ is the act of parking in a recently vacated parking space and queue discipline is SIRO – Service In Random Order. We develop a queueing model of such driv...

driving is a complex psychomotor task involving distinct cognitive, perceptual and decision making skills. it needs to more concentration and alertness to driving safe. several studies have shown the potential effects of alcohol in crash production by epidemiological and laboratory analysis. alcohol is obviously the most common single cause of traffic accidents in america. a review of the relat...

Fatal motor vehicle intersection crashes occurring in Norway in the years 2005-2007 were analyzed to identify causation patterns among their underlying contributing factors, and also to assess if the data collection and documentation procedures used by the Norwegian in-depth investigation teams produces the information necessary to do causation pattern analysis. 28 fatal accidents were analyzed...