Detailed computer simulations demonstrate that all­electric vehicles will be required to meet our energy security and climate change reduction goals. As shown in Figure 1, hybrid electric vehicles (HEV’s) and plug­in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV’s) both reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but neither of these vehicles that still use internal combustion engines will be adequate to cut GHGs ...

As discussed in the previous chapter, electrification is the most viable way to achieve clean and efficient transportation that is crucial to the sustainable development of the whole world. In the near future, electric vehicles (EVs) including hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and pure battery electric vehicles (BEVs) will dominate the clean vehicle mark...

With the global increase in the number of vehicles, environmental protection and energy issues had become increasingly prominent. People paid more and more attention to the electric vehicle as the future direction of the vehicle, but because the battery technology was relatively backward, it had become the bottleneck in the development of electric vehicles. So in the existing conditions, a perf...

For the broad commercial success of electric vehicles (EVs), it is essential to deeply understand how batteries behave in this challenging application. This thesis has therefore been focused on studying automotive lithium-ion batteries in respect of their performance under EV operation. Particularly, the need for simple methods estimating the state-of-health (SOH) of batteries during EV operati...

In this study, electric-drive vehicles with series powertrains were configured to utilize a lithiumion battery of very high power and achieve sport-sedan performance and excellent fuel economy. The battery electrode materials are LiMn2O4 and Li4Ti5O12, which provide a cell area-specific impedance of about 40% of that of the commonly available lithium-ion batteries. Data provided by EnerDel Corp...

Electric-drive vehicles (EDVs), whether based on batteries, engine-electric hybrid, or fuel cells, could make major contributions to the electric utility supply system. Computer-controlled power connections from parked EDVs would provide grid power from on-board storage or generators. Kempton and Letendre conclude that, in the United States, battery EDVs can be cost-e!ective as a source of peak...

Due to many damages that human activities have imposed on the environment, authorities, manufacturers, and industry owners have taken into account the development of supply chain more than ever. One of the most influential and essential human activities in the supply chain are transportation which green vehicles such as electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to generate higher economic and enviro...

This paper presents an evaluation of battery requirements for hybrid and electric city buses. Technical specifications of recently developed lithium based batteries and vehicle simulation results are used as basis for the evaluation. The battery requirements are evaluated in terms of power and energy capacity, calendar and cycle life as well as costs. Conventional diesel, parallel and series hy...

Battery management system (BMS) forms a crucial system component in various applications like electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), uninterrupted power supplies (UPS), telecommunications and so on. The accuracy of these systems has always been a point of discussion as they generally give an error of maximum 10% considering all the parameters together. In this paper a system is...