Electrical currents in resistive materials must be driven by an internal electric field E = J/ς , where J is the current density and ς is the electrical conductivity. The internal electric field must be shaped by an appropriate density σ of surface electrical charge. In practice, the surface charge density is quite small, and is often neglected in discussions of electrical currents. Some except...

In this paper, we propose a new heterostructure dual material gate junctionless field-effect transistor (H-DMG-JLFET), with negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristic. The drain and channel material are silicon and source material is germanium. The gate electrode near the source is larger. A dual gate material technique is used to achieve upward band bending in order to access n-i-p-...

A simple physical chemical method of transferring genes into eucaryotic cells is described. Electric impulses in the intensity range of 5-10 kV/cm with a duration of 5-10 bs were found to appreciably increase the uptake of DNA into cells. After electric field treatment, stable transformants were obtained in a system containing mouse cells deficient in thymidine kinase and a plasmid DNA harbouri...

This paper introduces Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method for measuring voltage in the Optical Voltage Transducer (OVT) using one or more electric field sensors. In order to obtain an accurate voltage measurement with minimum number of sensors, first the locations of sensors are specified by quadrature method. Then the electric field intensity at these locations is provided to ANN for the ca...

Time-dependent density functional theory is extended to include dissipative systems evolving under a master equation, providing a Hamiltonian treatment for molecular electronics. For weak electric fields, the isothermal conductivity is shown to match the adiabatic conductivity, thereby recovering the Landauer result.

Magnetically enhanced inductively coupled plasmas (MEICP) and helicons have complex plasma electric-field coupling between the electric field and the plasma due to the tensor conductivity and multiple-dimensional antenna segments. Computed three-dimensional electric fields and electron temperatures are presented for a helicon reactor demonstrating azimuthal asymmetries and rotations of the elec...

AC electric fields induce redistribution of integral membrane proteins. Cell-surface receptor redistribution does not consistently follow electric field lines and depends critically on the frequency of the applied ac electric fields, suggesting that mechanisms other than electroosmosis are involved. We hypothesized that cytoskeletal reorganization is responsible for electric field-induced cell-...

In this paper, we propose an approach to solving for an inverse problem. We try to evaluate a unique solution of an inverse problem by means of the weighted inverse matrix. We have applied our weighted inverse matrix method to searching for the electric field source and Demonstrating the three dimensional electric field distributions. As a result, we have succeeded in evaluating the unique elec...

In the present study, the magnetic field effects of the elastic response of the polymeric piezoelectric cylinder reinforced with the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are studied. The cylinder is subjected to an internal pressure, a constant electric potential difference at the inner and outer surfaces, and the thermal and magnetic fields. The Mori-Tanaka model is used for obtaining the equivalent materi...