PURPOSE To develop an atlas of the clinical target volume (CTV) definitions for postoperative radiotherapy of endometrial and cervical cancer to be used for planning pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group led an international collaboration of cooperative groups in the development of the atlas. The groups included the Radiation Thera...

Menorrhagia is defined as excessive uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals or prolonged uterine bleeding lasting more than seven days. The classic definition of menorrhagia (i.e., greater than 80 mL of blood loss per cycle) is rarely used clinically. Women describe the loss or reduction of daily activities as more important than the actual volume of bleeding. Routine testing of all wom...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to establish the retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis model of endometrial VX2 carcinoma in rabbits and observe of its metastatic features. METHODS The VX2 cells were transplanted into the uterine muscularis mucosae of 48 rabbits by injecting carcinoma mass suspension. According to time, the rabbits were killed after the transplantation of VX2 cells,...

background: despite numerous developments in the field of assisted reproduction the implantation rate remains low .recent studies suggested that local injury to endometrium in controlled ovarian hyper stimulation cycle improves implantation rate. studies have attempted to intervene in the development of endometrium. objective: the aim of the present study was the exploration of the possibility ...

The aim of this study was to assess three different cytological endometrial sampling methods used to estimate polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) under high power field (HPF) microscopy and to determine subclinical endometritis in postpartum beef cows. Forty beef cows aged 3-7 years were sampled at week three and four after calving by endometrial cytology methods. The cytological sampling method...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate if different bleeding patterns associated with the use of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) are associated with different uterine and endometrial vascularization patterns, as evidenced by ultrasound power Doppler analysis. METHODOLOGY A longitudinal study, with each subject acting as its own control was conducted between January 2010 and December 2012. Health...

wc studied the correlation between preoperative cervical cytology, postoperative clinicopathologic findings, and sites of metastasis from so surgically staged patients with endometrial carcinoma tliirty-faur patients (68%), liad normal cervical cytology, ami 16(32%) had malignant preoperative cervical cytology. malignant cervical smears were statistically correlated with surgical stage (p = 0.0...

background : endometrial cancer is the most common type of malignancy in female reproductive system and is the fourth common cancer after breast, lungs and colorectal cancers. our aim is to report epidemiology and frequency types of endometrial cancer and clinical staging and grading of this disease. methods : in this description and cross-sectional study, 75 patients with diagnosed endometrial...

Endometrial calcification along with ossification is an uncommon clinical entity. Most of the cases are asymptomatic or present with secondary infertility. Endometrial ossification associated with repeated abortions has been reported very infrequently. Here we report a case of endometrial calcification with ossification  due to retained fetal bony tissue in a 38 year old symptomatic female havi...