The present study investigated how learners’ knowledge of a second language (L2) can influence the processing of their first language (L1). The study recorded the eye movements of 47 L1 Chinese participants with different L2 English proficiency levels as they read and judged the grammaticality of 240 Chinese sentences (60 anglicized ungrammatical relative clauses, 90 non-anglicized ungrammatica...

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate whether classroom reverberation influences second-language (L2) listening comprehension. Moreover, we investigated whether individual differences in baseline L2 proficiency and in working memory capacity (WMC) modulate the effect of reverberation time on L2 listening comprehension. The results showed that L2 listening comprehension decreased as ...

Foreign accent is judged by the degree to which the non-native (L2) production is perceived differently from production patterns by native speakers (NL) [1]. Both segmental and suprasegmental features are shown influential in accent perception by NL speakers or L2 learners [2]-[4]. However, roles of prosodic cues in the process are not well known yet. Our study aims to investigate effects of in...

This study examines the respective roles of language proficiency and more general developmental factors (e.g., mental capacity, knowledge) in children's metaphor interpretation. Subjects were Spanish-English-speaking and monolingual-English children from 7 to 12 years of age. The samples were English-speaking middle-class (n ffi 31) and working-class children (n = 34) and Spanish-English-speaki...

The current study investigates the influence of L2 proficiency on cognitive control among three matched groups of unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals. Flanker task was administered to measure conflict monitoring and inhibition, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to measure mental set shifting. ANOVA analyses of the Flanker results showed no differences in inhibition across all groups and ...

linguistic/cultural differences of learners’ native language with english as a foreign language, gender and english proficiency level are among those numerous variables which affect english learning and its quality in iranian context. the present study was an attempt to illuminate the effects of these variables on performing integrative approach of general english tests (cloze test and recall t...

This study examined the nature of morphology-based cross language transfer from Korean to reading and writing acquisition in English and Chinese among Korean-speaking 9th graders who had studied English for seven years and Chinese for one year as foreign languages. One hundred and sixty students were administered a set of comparable Korean (L1), English (L2), and Chinese (L3) tasks tapping into...

Abstract concepts are frequently expressed in natural language by means of metaphors, metonymies and other types figurative language. Knowledge appropriate use these conceptual instances actual university graduates related to L2 mastery, therefore instruction is expected facilitate acquisition. The aim this paper study ESP higher-education students’ competence its relationship their overall com...

This study examined the effect of presumed mismatches between speech input and the phonological representations of English words by native speakers of English (NE) and Spanish (NS). The English test words, which were produced by a NE speaker and a NS speaker, varied orthogonally in lexical frequency and neighborhood density and were presented to NE listeners and to NS listeners who differed in ...