The Euler equations of ideal gas dynamics posess a remarkable nonlinear involutional symmetry which allows one to factor out an arbitrary uniform expansion or contraction of the system. The nature of this symmetry (called by cosmologists the transformation to supercomoving variables) is discussed and its origin clarified. It is pointed out that this symmetry allows one to map an explosion probl...

it is difficult to prevent accidents in the transport of hazardous goods, so the development of strategies for managing crisis situations and the optimization of action plans are important. the crisis situation is a continuous event in time when its evolution is unpredictable because it depends on a whole of complex factors resulting from the environment of the crisis. decision making in crisis...

Planetary tectonics provide a record of the myriad processes that shape planetary surfaces and interiors. While there is long history mapping modeling tectonics, stresses from disparate are not generally captured by single model. We present comprehensive general stress model can consider multiple stress-generating mechanisms simultaneously. The applicable to mass loading with arbitrary geometry...

In the past decade, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 826 representative East Asians and Papuans has been typed by high-resolution (14-enzyme) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Compared with mtDNA control region sequencing, RFLP typing of the complete human mitochondrial DNA generally yields a cleaner phylogeny, the nodes of which can be dated assuming a molecular clock. We p...

We map polygonally patterned ground formed in sublimation tills that overlie debris-covered glaciers in Mullins Valley and central Beacon Valley, in southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, and distinguish five morphological zones. Where the Mullins Valley debris-covered glacier debouches into Beacon Valley, polygonal patterning transitions from radial (orthogonal) intersections to non-oriented (hex...

We consider the problem of electromigration of a sample ion (analyte) within a uniform background electrolyte when the confining channel undergoes a sudden contraction. One example of such a situation arises in microfluidics in the electrokinetic injection of the analyte into a micro-capillary from a reservoir of much larger size. Here, the sample concentration propagates as a wave driven by th...