Multilateral development banks (MDBs) are increasingly supporting climate change mitigation efforts. However, little is known about how and why this role in climate finance has evolved, and how MDBs are managing this change internally. This paper addresses these questions through an analysis of energy support provided by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The paper maps trends in the number and ...

Household financial decisions are complex, interdependent, and heterogeneous, central to the functioning of system. We present an overview rapidly expanding literature on household finance (with some important exceptions) suggest directions for future research. begin with theory empirics asset market participation allocation over life cycle. then discuss choices in insurance markets, trading be...

Abstract By analysing the development and operation of local government bonds (LGBs), a new tool fashioned by Chinese to finance infrastructure projects, this article improves understanding political economy China's debt. We find that central uses LGBs intervene in debt pursue policy objectives, designs quota system decide bond issuing amount project selection. When calculating quotas, prioriti...

Enhancing the effectiveness of green development agricultural trade economy with finance is a practical need to promote healthy trade. This manuscript empirically analyzes impact on China’s products import and export by using provincial-level panel data from 30 Chinese provinces 2001–2019. The findings show that: (1) Green positively impacts at 1% significant level, expanding scale imports expo...

Web www.economy.com Debate is heating up over the future of the nation’s housing finance system. Much of the back and forth has focused on the system’s end state—whether housing finance should be privatized, retain some form of government backstop, or even remain effectively nationalized as it is today. No matter which goal is chosen, however, reform will not succeed without an effective transi...

This article is based on the premise that poverty has its own culture. Social system and subsystems of this culture are built on exploitation. The rich are exploiting the poor by putting them into a debt-trap of money-lending system. This system exists everywhere in the world wherever poverty exists. The poor people need money for their survival and as a result of it they become the part of the...