A general equilibrium model for multiphase multicomponent inorganic atmospheric aerosols is proposed. The thermodynamic equilibrium is given by the minimum of the Gibbs free energy for a system involving an aqueous phase, a gas phase and solid salts. A primal-dual algorithm solving the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions is detailed. An active set/Newton method permits to compute the minimum of energ...

Abstract. A d-dimensional quantum model system confined to a general hypercubical geometry with linear spatial size L and “temporal size” 1/T ( T temperature of the system) is considered in the spherical approximation under periodic boundary conditions. For a film geometry in different space dimensions 1 2 σ < d < 3 2 σ , where 0 < σ ≤ 2 is a parameter controlling the decay of the long-range in...

A d–dimensional quantum model system confined to a general hypercubical geometry with linear spatial size L and " temporal size " 1/T (T-temperature of the system) is considered in the spherical approximation under periodic boundary conditions. For a film geometry in different space dimensions 1 2 σ < d < 3 2 σ , where 0 < σ ≤ 2 is a parameter controlling the decay of the long–range interaction...

Motivated by the recent progress in the effective string description of the interquark potential in lattice gauge theory, we study interfaces with periodic boundary conditions in the three-dimensional Ising model. Our Monte Carlo results for the associated free energy are compared with the next-to-leading order (NLO) approximation of the Nambu-Goto string model. We find clear evidence for the v...

a green and efficient one pot, three component protocol for synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidines by cyclocondensation of β-naphthol, aldehyde, and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil using l-proline as a beneficial catalyst with high catalytic activity under solvent-free conditions at 100 °c is described. in this study, several types of aromatic aldehyde, containing electron-withdrawing groups as well ...

reactions of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ros) with biological molecules in vivo play an important physiological role in many diseases. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) is a stable free radical and often used as a routine reagent to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of an antioxidant. this study was undertaken to investigate the free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activiti...

The three dimensional mean spherical model on a hypercubic lattice with a film geometry L × ∞2 under periodic boundary conditions is studied in the presence of an external magnetic field H. The universal Casimir amplitude ∆ and the Binder’s cumulant ratio B are calculated exactly and found to be ∆ = −2ζ(3)/(5π) ≈ −0.153051 and B = 2π/( √ 5 ln[(1 + √ 5)/2]). It is analytically shown that the exc...

We address the question of the dependence of the bulk free energy on boundary conditions for the six vertex model. Here we compare the bulk free energy for periodic and domain wall boundary conditions. Using a determinant representation for the partition function with domain wall boundary conditions, we derive Toda differential equations and solve them asymptotically in order to extract the bul...

We compare the predictions of the Nambu-Goto effective string model with a set of high precision Monte Carlo results for interfaces with periodic boundary conditions in the 3D Ising model. We compute the free energy in the covariant gauge exactly, up to the inclusion of the Liouville mode. The perturbative expansion of this result agrees both with the result evaluated several years ago by Dietz...