An identity links the rate of economic growth, the speed of poverty reduction and changes in the distribution of income during some time period in a given country. A few authors used that identity to understand the causes for observed changes in poverty and to identify the exact role of economic growth in poverty reduction. Yet, many empirical cross-country studies of the relationship between g...

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains of serogroup O145 are emerging as causes of diarrhea and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. However, there have been few genetic analyses of this EHEC group. We investigated the serotypes, virulence genes, plasmid profiles, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, and genetic variability of the fliC and eae genes in 120 EHEC O145 strains is...

A broad range of tax reforms have been implemented in Kenya the post-independence period with objective increasing revenue for promoting economic growth reduced reliance on external funding. Most targeted broadening base. However, collections remain inadequate, and deficits persisted. Past studies looked at effects foreign sector, stage development, demographic factors sectoral mix revenue. The...

We recently reported the engineering of monomeric streptavidin, mSA, corresponding to one subunit of wild type (wt) streptavidin tetramer. The monomer was designed by homology modeling, in which the streptavidin and rhizavidin sequences were combined to engineer a high affinity binding pocket containing residues from a single subunit only. Although mSA is stable and binds biotin with nanomolar ...

In 2006, a severe foodborne EHEC outbreak occured in Norway. Seventeen cases were recorded and the HUS frequency was 60%. The causative strain, Esherichia coli O103:H25, is considered to be particularly virulent. Sequencing of the outbreak strain revealed resemblance to the 2011 German outbreak strain E. coli O104:H4, both in genome and Shiga toxin 2-encoding (Stx2) phage sequence. The nucleoti...

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important foodborne pathogen. Here, we report complete whole-genome sequences for two STEC strains of serotypes O119:H4 and O165:H25 isolated from clinical cases in the United States.

This article adds technology choice to a free-entry Cournot model with linear demand and constant marginal costs. Firms can choose from a discrete set of technologies. This simple framework yields non-existence of equilibrium, existence of multiple equilibria and equilibria in which ex-ante identical ̄rms choose di®erent technologies as possible outcomes. I provide a full characterization of th...

In the present study, we compared two strains of serotypes 088:H25 and 0145:H45 with an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) adherence factor-positive (EAF+) strain of the classic enteropathogenic E. coli serotype 0111ab:H2 for their association with HeLa cells and with biopsies of human duodenal mucosa. Both strains not belonging to the classic EPEC serotype showed virulence properties sim...