kahman is the most beneficial river in alashtar city for agriculture and aquiculture. as hydrology processes have random nature, statistics and probability are base of analysis of these processes and time series are used for this purpose. the first step in time series analysis includes parameters variation through time. second step is to stationary data, third is normalization and forth is mode...

Quantifying the effects of forest changes on hydrology in large watersheds is important for designing forest or land management and adaptation strategies for watershed ecosystem sustainability. Minjiang River watershed, located in the upper reach of the Yangtze River basin, plays a strategic role in the environmental protection and economic and social well-being for both the watershed and the e...

The influence of decadal scale climatic variations on the decline of Columbia River salmon was not realized until recently. I evaluate the implications of this omission using a stock recruitment model with climatic and anthropogenic factors. I conclude that fisheries managers over the past century have misinterpreted the anthropogenic impacts on Columbia River salmon. In particular, I suggest t...

Water management strategies can have considerable impacts on the regional climate and hydrology. It is usually case that construction operation of hydropower reduce river flow downstream due to increase in evaporation. However, this paper shows humid regions, such as Brazil, storage reservoirs contribute river. This observation has been tested with historical reservoir levels data from several ...

Agricultural pollutant runoff is a major source of water contamination in California’s Sacramento River watershed where 8500 km of agricultural land influences water quality. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrology, sediment, nitrate and pesticide transport components were assessed for the Sacramento River watershed. To represent flood conveyance in the area, the model was improved ...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract River restoration appraisal requires the implementation of monitoring programmes that assess the river site before and after the restoration project. However, little work has yet been developed to design effective and efficient sampling st...

Rivers are essential to aquatic ecosystem and societal sustainability, but are increasingly impacted by water withdrawals, land-use change, and climate change. The relative and cumulative effects of these stressors on continental river flows are relatively unknown. In this study, we used an integrated water balance and flow routing model to evaluate the impacts of impervious cover and water wit...