We consider hazard (mortality) rates in heterogeneous populations consisting of ordered (in the defined stochastic sense) subpopulations. This setting can be interpreted via the fixed frailty models with one or more frailty parameters. The shape of the hazard rate is of main interest in this paper. Specifically, the deceleration and leveling off in the hazard rates (mortality plateaus) are disc...

BACKGROUND Scale-up of triple-drug antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Africa has transformed the context of childbearing for HIV-positive women and may impact pregnancy incidence in HIV programs. METHODS Using observational data from 47,313 HIV-positive women enrolled at 26 HIV clinics in Kenya and Uganda between 2001 and 2009, we calculated the crude cumulative incidence of pregnancy for the pr...

Multivariate Decomposition for Hazard Rate Models We develop a regression decomposition technique for hazard rate models, where the difference in observed rates is decomposed into components attributable to group differences in characteristics and group differences in effects. The baseline hazard is specified using a piecewise constant exponential model, which leads to convenient estimation bas...

A new semiparametric proportional hazard rate model is proposed which extends standard models to include a dynamic speci cation. Two main problems are resolved in the course of this paper. First, the partial likelihood approach to estimate the components of a standard proportional hazard model is not available in a dynamic model involving lags of the log integrated baseline hazard. We use a dis...

A joint conditional probability model is proposed to represent a measure of a future landslide hazard, and five estimation procedures for the model are presented. The distribution of past landslides was divided into two groups with respect to a fixed time. A training set consisting of the earlier landslides and the geographical information system-based multi-layer spatial data in the study area...

Rural counties face unique challenges with regard to disaster vulnerability and resilience. We compared the quality of hazard mitigation plans (HMPs) completed in accordance with provisions of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 from 21 urban and 36 rural counties in three southeastern states. HMPs were content analyzed to calculate a score for six principles of plan quality. Generalized linear...

This paper studies a class of multidimensional screening models where different type dimensions can be aggregated into a single-dimensional sufficient statistic. The paper applies results of totally positive functions to show that some critical properties of distributions of asymmetric information parameters, such as increasing hazard rate, monotone likelihood ratio, and singlepeakedness are pr...

M oral hazard, a long-time concern in the insurance industry, is increasingly being recognized as a concern in the regulation of banking and other financial industries. A classic example of its possible perverse effects is the selling of a fire insurance contract to a group of uninsured individuals. If the premiums are based on the actuarial data of this group’s loss experiences, then the contr...

Background Network meta-analysis (NMA) combines direct and indirect evidence from trials to calculate treatment effect estimates and rank treatments. Modelling approaches for continuous and binary outcomes are relatively well developed, but less work has been done with time-toevent outcomes. Such outcomes have usually been analysed using Cox proportional hazard (PH) models, but in oncology with...