The healthcare industry is unique when compared to other industries in that multiple stakeholders manage healthcare services. Consumers are the ultimate users of these services; however, they have relatively little influence on their own health service choices. The industry is changing rapidly with new technologies making access to healthcare information via the Internet and other sources easie...

Out of the UN Assembly (2000) initiated Eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targeting, the MDG 4, 5 and 6 are concerned about health for all, while MDG 7 deals with environmental stability, while MDG 8 is a capstone goal advocating for global partnership for development. Quality and equitable healthcare delivery in Africa still remain a daunting challenge (Ditsa & Ojo, 2011). There is a g...

Responding to critical shortages of physicians, most sub-Saharan countries have scaled up training of nonphysician clinicians (NPCs), resulting in a gradual but decisive shift to NPCs as the cornerstone of healthcare delivery. This development should unfold in parallel with strategic rethinking about the role of physicians and with innovations in physician education and in-service training. In ...

The Institute of Medicine, United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), and national healthcare organizations recommend screening and counseling for intimate partner violence (IPV) within the US healthcare setting. The Affordable Care Act includes screening and brief counseling for IPV as part of required free preventive services for women. Thus, IPV screening and counseling must be i...

intravitreal injection is the most common approach for drug delivery to the posterior segment in humans. however, following the injection, drugs are rapidly eliminated from the vitreous, with half-lives up to a few days. depending on the rate of clearance from the vitreous, large boluses and frequent administrations may be required to ensure therapeutic levels over an extended period of time. m...