Hedging and boosting or ‘pembentengan’ (Indonesian) is the act of scientific writers in maintaining smooth communication. This paper answers two problem formulations, i.e., what are linguistic manifestations hedges boosters Indonesian articles, how their meaning reveals writer's level confidence information conveyed. study aims to enrich description writing practices Indonesia support developme...

We study the problem of hedging early exercise (American) options with respect to exponential utility within a general incomplete market model. This leads us to construct a duality formula involving relative entropy minimization and optimal stopping. We further consider claims with multiple exercises, and static-dynamic hedges of American claims with other European and American options. The pro...

We present a framework of L-fuzzy modifiers for L being a complete lattice. They are used to model linguistic hedges that act on linguistic terms represented by L-fuzzy sets. In the modelling process the context is taken into account by means of L-fuzzy relations, endowing the L-fuzzy modifiers with a clear inherent semantics. To our knowledge, these L-fuzzy modifiers are the first ones propose...

We show that the well-known results regarding solutions of fuzzy relational equations and their systems can easily be generalized to obtain criteria regarding constrained solutions such as solutions which are crisp relations. When the constraint is empty, constrained solutions are ordinary solutions. The generalization is obtained by employing intensifying and relaxing linguistic hedges, concei...

s | 83 included) and Mantel Haenszel-Risk Ratio of 1.31, 95% CI=1.01 to 1.69 (p=0.04) favouring active treatment over placebo according to response rates (12 studies included). Trials were patients merely had BLT as active treatment indicated a higher effect size (Hedges`s g= -0.51, 95%CI =-0.70 to -0.32 and p=0.001) than studies with concomitant psychopharmacological treatment (Hedges`s g= -0....

The starting point of this paper are the works of Hájek and Vychodil on the axiomatization of truthstressing and -depressing hedges as expansions of Hájek’s BL logic by new unary connectives. They showed that their logics are chain-complete, but standard completeness was only proved for the expansions over Gödel logic. We propose weaker axiomatizations over an arbitrary core fuzzy logic which h...

We study optimal hedging of barrier options using a combination of a static position in vanilla options and dynamic trading of the underlying asset. The problem reduces to computing the Fenchel-Legendre transform of the utility-indifference price as a function of the number of vanilla options used to hedge. Using the well-known duality between exponential utility and relative entropy, we provid...

The starting point of this paper are the works of Hájek and Vychodil on the axiomatization of truth-stressing and depressing hedges as expansions of Hájek's BL logic by new unary connectives. They showed that their logics are chain-complete, but standard completeness was only proved for the expansions over Gödel logic. We propose weaker axiomatizations over an arbitrary core fuzzy logic which h...

We study anti-unification for unranked terms and hedges that may contain term and hedge variables. The anti-unification problem of two hedges s1 and s2 is concerned with finding their generalization, a hedge q such that both s1 and s2 are instances of q under some substitutions. Hedge variables help to fill in gaps in generalizations, while term variables abstract single (sub)terms with differe...