The receptor that allows hepatitis B and hepatitis D viruses to enter human liver cells has been identified as a protein that transports bile acids in the liver.

BACKGROUND Acute viral hepatitis is most frequently caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV). OBJECTIVES To determine seroprevalence of HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV among patients with acute hepatitis in Nairobi, Kenya, elucidate various risk factors for hepatitis viral infection and determine the co-...

The prevalence of serological markers of viruses causing acute hepatitis in south indian population a b a c Viral hepatitis Serological Markers Vaccination Enzyme Linked Immuno Sarbent Assay.

The latest experimental data on the role of viruses in the origin of human tumors are discussed. This group of viruses consists of T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV 1), herpes viruses (HHV 8 and Epstein-Barr virus), hepatitis B virus, and human papilloma viruses. The most typical feature of this group of viruses is a very long latent period from the initial infection to the development of the ...

there is a well-recognized relationship between aplastic anemia and viral hepatitis. clinically apparent hepatitis precedes aplastic anemia by a period of weeks to months. hepatitis is an infrequent cause of aplastic anemia and is usually severe and fatal if untreated. the clinical features and, particularly the response to immunosuppressive therapy strongly suggest that immune mechanisms media...

autoimmunity and viral infections are closely associated fields, and viruses have been proposed as a likely aetiological, contributory or triggering factors of systemic autoimmune diseases. hepatitis c virus seems to be the virus usually associated with the appearance of autoimmune diseases, and the relationship between chronic hepatitis c virus infection and some autoimmune disease has been st...

Pakistan is among ten most populous countries in world. All sorts of hepatitis are highly prevalent in Pakistan. Due to lack of proper mechanisms to handle sewerage, disinfection and lack of clean water supply across the country, hepatitis A and E are endemic in Pakistan. Moreover, Pakistan ranked in intermediate prevalence zone for hepatitis B and C. Also, prevailing socioeconomic conditions, ...

Non-enveloped human pathogenic viruses, highly stable in the environment, can be transmitted by different routes, such as contaminated food and water. The waterborne transmission of non-enveloped viruses to humans causes illnesses when individuals are exposed water resources agricultural water, drainage, outdoor field or subsurface even drinking In addition transmission, viral foodborne may con...

Background and Objective: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are both transmitted by the fecal-oral route and are known as leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in the world, especially in developing countries. There is a lack of updated data on HAV and HEV seroprevalence in the north of Iran. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HAV and HEV among blood donors ...

conclusions hepatitis a causes an acute infection. the patients usually recover after a few weeks or months. fulminant hepatitis can be observed in hav infection but chronic infection does not exist. extrahepatic complications and cardiac disorders are often reported in association with hepatitis c and b viruses, but they are very rare in hav infections. case presentation we present a 14-year-o...