kashajam mahmood-ebne-hosein is one of the poets of second era in abbasi age. at first he worked as a cook in the court and then becamed famous as a poet and literary man by abi elhija hamdani .then by his son seif-ol-dole hamdani got attracted to egypt during his traveling. several books are remained after him such as a book of poem in which eulogy and description attained perfection.kashajam ...

although believing in the reappearance of imam mahdi is an islamic belief, it has an outstanding position in the shiite school. it can be said the main proof behind this position is that shiites have accepted his birth and life. regardless of the foundations and arguments of shiites, some sunni writers have sharply opposed this belief. ahmad b. taymiyya is one of these writers who has made cert...

among the deciples of holy imams baqir and sadiq, some figures are more influential and prominent than others. of these is jābir ibn yazid joʿfi who was most endowed with the knowledge of imam baqir. although he was regarded as a prominent scholar of imamiyyah and some works were attributed to him, there are reports implying his fault and blameworthiness. furthermore, after his death the extrem...

the life of ibn hani can be divided into two parts: the first period under the umayyad rule in andalusia, where he spends nearly three decades of his life in his homeland in obscurity without referring scholars in his life to the poem or literary pieces, and the second period is in moroccan area, proven in his divan, after his sun has raised and shone commonly mentioned there.  the study in the...