the category of verbal participation is one of the subjects being studied by the linguists, esp. in semantics. in this vesearch, it has been tried to investigate the old approaches toward this phenomenon in the arabic language and philology. in modem semantics it is called as polysemy. here the polysemy and its technical terms has been scientifically defined. the similarities and differences ha...

Two things are striking about this medieval definition. The first is that it is very close to the modern conception of formal consequence one finds in Bolzano and Tarski3. The second is that although Buridan and the other fourteenth-century logicians state these distinctions with a great deal of precision, they say almost nothing about the point of the distinctions. Why are these distinctions d...

This paper develops a probabilistic reconstruction of the No Miracles Argument (NMA) in the debate between scientific realists and anti-realists. The goal of the paper is to clarify and to sharpen the NMA by means of a probabilistic formalization. In particular, I demonstrate that the persuasive force of the NMA depends on the particular disciplinary context where it is applied, and the stabili...

Results from several experiments were reviewed to collect information on the value of piglet " needle-neeth " clipping. The incidence of facial and udder lesions generally is increased when teeth are left intact. However, there is no evidence that these lesions affect piglet mortality or weaning weight. Thus, based on the conditions of these experiments, there is no strong justification for tee...

principle of justice and equity is a term, although it is seen in recent jurisprudents' writings, which have not been explained clearly at all. therefore, some of the jurisprudents do not accept this term as a principle; some others accept it as a principle and consider its implementation in case of being a special reason; and other group of jurisprudents accept it as a principle but limit...