We investigated whether change of emotion related to sourness during chewing causes higher brain functions by using mental arithmetic test. Subjects comprised 120 healthy individuals. The mental arithmetic test was performed under four conditions: chewing lemon-flavored gum (Standard gum, as a delicious gum); gum with 6 times the citric acid component of the Standard gum (Strong-sour gum, as an...

Sweet corn kernels were used in this research to study the dynamics of vitamin E, by evaluatingthe expression levels of genes involved in vitamin E synthesis, the accumulation of vitamin E, and the antioxidant activity during the different stage of kernel development. Results showed that expression levels of ZmHPT and ZmTC genes increased, whereas ZmTMT gene dramatically decreased during kernel...

W1, W3, W4, and Wm genes control flower color, whereas T and Td genes control pubescence color in soybean. W1, W3, Wm, and T are presumed to encode flavonoid 3'5'-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.88), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (EC 1.1.1.219), flavonol synthase (EC 1.14.11.23), and flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.21), respectively. The objective of this study was to determine the structure of the ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The observation of fungiform papillae is a useful objective taste examination. The purpose of this study is to develop a new method using narrow band imaging for assessment of taste function. STUDY DESIGN Using a narrow band imaging endoscope, we assessed the number and blood vessel morphology of fungiform papillae and compared with the gustatory threshold by the filter ...

Objective: The cows that don’t have access to sufficient energy in their ration can get sickness. Milk production has a high priority in metabolism of dairy cows so lactating cows are more prone to get sick This can ruin all the benefits of higher milk yield because of the higher prevalence of the disorders. Methods: Data for this research had gathered from a herd with 1600 Holstein cattle in E...

Objective: The cows that don’t have access to sufficient energy in their ration can get sickness. Milk production has a high priority in metabolism of dairy cows so lactating cows are more prone to get sick This can ruin all the benefits of higher milk yield because of the higher prevalence of the disorders. Methods: Data for this research had gathered from a herd with 1600 Holstein cattle in E...

T and Td loci control pubescence color of soybean with epistatic effects (TT TdTd, tawny; TT tdtd, light tawny or near-gray; tt TdTd or tt tdtd, gray). The objective of this study was to investigate the nature of flavonoids in the pubescence of near-isogenic lines (NILs) for these loci. Flavonoids were extracted with methanol from pubescence of cultivar Clark with tawny pubescence (TT TdTd) and...

in order to study genetic diversity and detection relationship among agronomy traits, 169 barley recombinant inbred line (generation=rils) and their parents “igre” and “arigashar”, were planted in a simple lattice design with two replications. ten agronomic traits were scored on three randomly selected plants. the purpose of this study was detection of phenotype and genotype correlation between...