This paper argues that the growing US trade de…cit has caused the decline of the WTO and the rise of regional trade agreements. A country in de…cit prefers to retain market power against countries with a large surplus. Multilateral cooperation restricts its choice. This notion is formalized in a three-country game in which countries negotiate multilaterally and, if that fails, bilaterally. The ...

This paper presents initial results on stochastic business process modelling. We interpret business processes as problem solving processes to show that certain trade-offs in stakeholder involvement can usefully be analysed. Our initial results illustrate the analytic potential of our stochastic model, which could be useful to business process analysts and designers. Keywords-process modelling; ...

Many cities in the Global South are structurally different from Northern, particularly American, on which much of urban sociology’s conceptual apparatus has been based. Thus, depicting them terms a standard vocabulary risks imposing an inappropriate way seeing. We need that is able to accommodate their experience. This special issue contributes work building vocabulary. select five keywords soc...

We present a theory of why some countries negotiate trade agreements during economic downturns. We argue that political leaders can gain from such agreements because of the signals they send to their publics. Publics are less likely to blame leaders for bad economic conditions when they have implemented sound economic policies, such as signing and implementing agreements designed to liberalize ...

Keywords austerity, women workers, union democracy, trade unions, unemployment, labor, racism, social welfare, working class

Studies revealing the positive relationship between trade and income are often criticized with the argument that “development should mean more than rising incomes”. Taking this argument as a base and utilizing panel data, Davies and Quinlivan [1] have demonstrated that increases in trade are positively associated with future increases in social welfare as measured by the Human Development Index...