This study examines the marketing channels and associated costs in persimmon industry, focusing on producer's share consumer rupees efficiency. The research analyzes different involving wholesalers, retailers, pre-harvest contractors. findings reveal incurred by various stakeholders, with variations observed across channels. cost ranged from ₹187.40 to ₹245.86 per quintal, while contractors, re...

the present study aims to evaluate and rank marketing appropriate strategies so as to capture sustainable competitive advantage in 3 to5-star private hotels of mazandaran province. due to a comprehensive overview of literature related to marketing strategies, the features and capabilities available in the non-governmental hotels and a conceptual model based on 3and 5-star indicators (capabiliti...

In this paper we present the structure of “customer disvalue” phenomenon as the complementary concept for customer value. Authors, who are proponents of humanized marketing, rely on the lived-experience of customers as the primary source of data in order to grasp a first-hand understanding of the phenomenon that has been profoundly shadowed by objectivism of economics. The research is based on ...

The research and development costs of 68 randomly selected new drugs were obtained from a survey of 10 pharmaceutical firms. These data were used to estimate the average pre-tax cost of new drug development. The costs of compounds abandoned during testing were linked to the costs of compounds that obtained marketing approval. The estimated average out-of-pocket cost per new drug is 403 million ...

price transmission is one of the most important factors that affects the producers, consumers and marketing agents’ welfare. market structure affects price transmission. asymmetric price transmission affects the marketing margin, increases marketing agents’ profit and decreases producers and consumers’ welfare. in recent years high prices of beef has caused consumers’ dissatisfaction however, p...

Recent work on pricing has shown that neo-classical microeconomic theory (NCMT) is preferred to tendering theory and that implied by absorption, or full-cost, pricing of construction work because of its explicit treatment of market conditions, competitor behaviour and firm capacity levels. Applying NCMT in practice, however, requires the consideration of pricing from a marketing perspective. Th...

UNLABELLED Collaborative care models for depression in primary care are effective and cost-effective, but difficult to spread to new sites. Translating Initiatives for Depression into Effective Solutions (TIDES) is an initiative to promote evidence-based collaborative care in the U.S. Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Social marketing applies marketing techniques to promote positive behavio...

We introduce the concept of “marketing avoidance” – consumer efforts to conceal themselves and to deflect marketing. The setting is one where sellers market some item through solicitations to potential consumers, who differ in their benefit from the item and suffer harm from receiving solicitations. Concealment by one consumer induces sellers to shift solicitations to other consumers, while def...

The current study was designed to investigate the post-harvest handling situation in the marketing channel of shrimp/prawn of Bangladesh. A total of 75 farmers, 75 forias, 70 depot owners, 30 auctioneers, 30 commission agents and 20 factory owners were interviewed on the post-harvest and marketing of shrimp/prawn from Khulna, Satkhira and Bagerhat district. Most of the farmers and local traders...

this study considered the production economics of coffee in pakuwa village development committee of parbat district, nepal. household survey was done in june 2014. data collection was done using semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire administered on 40 coffee producers selected randomly. gross margin analysis, profitability index and the benefit-cost ratio was used to analyze the production e...