The human knee joint has a three dimensional geometry with multiple body articulations that produce complex mechanical responses under loads that occur in everyday life and sports activities. To produce the necessary joint compliance and stability for optimal daily function various menisci and ligaments are present while muscle forces are used to this effect. Therefore, knowledge of the complex...

Muscles show a surprisingly large variety of functions when they mechanically respond to different environmental requests. However, the in vivo workloop studies distinguish well only four patterns of skeletal muscles, producing positive, negative, almost zero and zero net works, that qualifies them respectively as motors, brakes, struts, and springs. While much effort of comparative biologists ...

In this paper we present seismic signature simulations using ground vibration inputs from highfidelity 3-D mechanical system models. Results for an M1A1 and T72 are discussed. By analyzing the simulated seismic signature data in conjunction with the spectral features associated with the vibrations of specific vehicle sprung and un-sprung components we are able to make unambiguous associations o...

INTRODUCTION Qconv SUGAR is a simulation package for 3D MEMS devices that utilizes nodal analysis techniques [1]. It has been shown that nodal analysis is significantly faster than other simulation techniques and can be just as accurate. The latest version of SUGAR (v2.0) includes various models for 2D and 3D beams, electrical beams, and gap closing actuators [2]. In addition, SUGAR is easily e...

This article introduces the concept of combining both form (CAD models) and behavior (simulation models) of mechatronic system components into component objects. By composing these component objects, designers automatically create a virtual prototype of the system they are designing. This virtual prototype, in turn, can provide immediate feedback about design decisions by evaluating whether the...

Advances in quantum chemical methods in combination with exponential growth in the computational speed of computers have enabled researchers in the field of catalysis to apply electronic structure calculations to a wide variety of increasingly complex problems. Such calculations provide insights into why and how changes in the composition and structure of catalytically active sites affect their...

Cell adhesion, which is mediated by the receptor-ligand bonds, plays an essential role in various biological processes. Previous studies often described the force-extension relationship of receptor-ligand bond with linear assumption. However, the force-extension relationship of the bond is intrinsically nonlinear, which should have significant influence on the mechanical behavior of cell adhesi...

block-flexure is the most common mode of toppling failure in natural and excavated rock slopes. in such failure, some rock blocks break due to tensile stresses and some overturn under their own weights and then all of them topple together. in this paper, first, a brief review of previous studies on toppling failures is presented. then, the physical and mechanical properties of experimental mode...