Medial temporal lobe structures including the hippocampus are implicated by separate investigations in both episodic memory and spatial function. We show that a single recurrent attractor network can store both the discrete memories that characterize episodic memory and the continuous representations that characterize physical space. Combining both types of representation in a single network is...

Medial temporal lobe structures including the hippocampus are implicated by separate investigations in both episodic memory and spatial function. We show that a single recurrent attractor network can store both the discrete memories that characterize episodic memory and the continuous representations that characterize physical space. Combining both types of representation in a single network is...

We propose an algorithm for simultaneously estimating state transitions among neural states, the number of neural states, and nonstationary firing rates using a switching state space model (SSSM). This algorithm enables us to detect state transitions on the basis of not only the discontinuous changes of mean firing rates but also discontinuous changes in temporal profiles of firing rates, e.g.,...

one of the debates concerning concepts of “medial motion” and “traversal motion” is the question of which of these two concepts of motion corresponds to motion in the corporeal world. in the present article we intend to employ the language of mathematics to present a model for each of these two concepts to study the above mentioned problem. as a result, medial motion represents a covering funct...

The popularity of medial axis in shape modeling and analysis comes from several of its well known fundamental properties. For example, medial axis captures the connectivity of the domain, has a lower dimension than the space itself, and is closely related to the distance function constructed over the same domain. We propose the new concept of a medial zone of an n-dimensional semi-analytic doma...

Knowledge about the biological variability of anatomical objects is essential for statistical shape analysis and a discrimination between healthy and pathological structures. This paper describes ongoing research on a novel approach that incorporates variability of a training set into the generation of a characteristic 3D shape model. The proposed shape representation is a hybrid of a fine-scal...

Knowledge about the biological variability of anatomical objects is essential for statistical shape analysis and a discrimination between healthy and pathological structures. This paper describes ongoing research on a novel approach that incorporates variability of a training set into the generation of a characteristic 3D shape model. The proposed shape representation is a hybrid of a fine-scal...

An element of a ring $R$ is called clear if it sum unit-regular and unit. associative each its elements clear.In this paper we defined rings extended many results to wider class. Finally, proved that commutative Bezout domain an elementary divisor only every full $2\times 2$ matrix over nontrivially clear.

Discoid meniscus is an abnormality of the knee in which the meniscus is discoid rather than semilunar in shape. Medial discoid menisci are rare, and no specific associated symptoms suggest this condition. Several medial meniscus anomalies, including discoid variants, have been reported in the literature. This article describes a rare case of medial discoid meniscus completely coalesced with the...