There is possibility of microbial contamination of any single-dose vials (SDVs), multiple-dose vials (MDVs) and admixtures (ADXs) during the preparation and injection to the patients that could be resulted in bloodstream infection. The goal of this study was to investigate the microbial contamination of MDVs and SDVs after multiple use and ADXs prepared by nursing staff in the treatment room ve...

risk of microbial contamination in the cosmetic products and transmission to consumers especially in smuggled preparations is very high. according in this study, the microbial content and pollution some of the sunscreen creams in the market and one sample in official market as witness were evaluated. the microbial content (bacterial total count, fungal count, and presence of pseudomon asaerogin...

There is possibility of microbial contamination of any single-dose vials (SDVs), multiple-dose vials (MDVs) and admixtures (ADXs) during the preparation and injection to the patients that could be resulted in bloodstream infection. The goal of this study was to investigate the microbial contamination of MDVs and SDVs after multiple use and ADXs prepared by nursing staff in the treatment room ve...

Liver and intestine are tightly linked through the venous system of the portal circulation. Consequently, the liver is the primary recipient of gut-derived products, most prominently dietary nutrients and microbial components. It functions as a secondary "firewall" and protects the body from intestinal pathogens and other microbial products that have crossed the primary barrier of the intestina...

pH and fermentable substrates impose selective pressures on gut microbial communities and their metabolisms. We evaluated the relative contributions of pH, alkalinity, and substrate on microbial community structure, metabolism, and functional interactions using triplicate batch cultures started from fecal slurry and incubated with an initial pH of 6.0, 6.5, or 6.9 and 10 mM glucose, fructose, o...

liposomes as a drug carrier have numerous dominancy. liophilization is the most propr form of these products for long-term maintenance, but this procedure is affected by unstabilizing agent that results in destruction of membrane, release of content and change in size and microbial contamination hence for prevention of the adverse effects, the protective role of sugars such as: maltose, fructos...

The innate immune system is a universal and ancient form of host defense against infection. Innate immune recognition relies on a limited number of germline-encoded receptors. These receptors evolved to recognize conserved products of microbial metabolism produced by microbial pathogens, but not by the host. Recognition of these molecular structures allows the immune system to distinguish infec...

milk and dairy products are important components of a balanced diet. milk does have distinct physicochemical, biological and microbial characteristics. the bacterial contamination of milk not only reduces the nutritional quality but its consumption threatens health of the society. in this study, 100 pasteurized milk samples were collected randomly from tabriz city, northwestern and were analyze...

The medical industry is challenged by the presence of microorganisms and the negative effects they cause. Deterioration, defacement and odors are all dramatic effects which occur from the microbial contamination of surfaces as varied as carpeting and medical non-woven fabrics. These surfaces can also act as a microbial "harbor", as most offer ideal environments for the proliferation of microorg...

A cyclohexadiene ligand prepared by microbial arene 1,2-dihydroxylation undergoes spontaneous rearrangement upon complexation to tricarbonyliron(0). Subsequent iron removal affords a novel route to formal arene 2,3-dihydroxylation products enantiomeric to those obtainable by direct microbial arene oxidation.