Figure 1: Scroll wave turbulence developed from a scroll with a curved filament. Simulation of FitzHugh-Nagumo model in 3D, parameters as in (Biktashev 1998). Red surfaces are fronts (u=0,v<0) blue surfaces are backs (u=0,v>0) of excitation waves, and yellow lines are singularities (u=0,v=0)rotating around slowly moving scroll filaments, where u,v are respectively the activator and inhibitor fi...

this paper presents a framework for long term transmission expansion planning in competitive, electricity markets. transmission lines and phase shifters are taken into account as expansion options. maximization of the network users' benefits, with satisfying security constraints are considered as the criterion for transmission expansion planning. the elements of the objective function are the...

Five out of six human melanoma cell lines tested were able to degrade in vitro a smooth muscle cell extracellular matrix in a plasmin-dependent way. In three of these five cell lines, this process was mediated by tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and in the other two cell lines by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA). All melanoma cell lines produced t-PA mRNA and protein, whereas...

Assembly lines are the most commonly used method for a mass production environment. Their main purpose is to increase efficiency by maximizing the ratio between throughput and required costs. However, in the last few decades, market demands have changed enormously. The emphasis is now on shorter lead times, larger product variety, higher quality and more customized options. At the same time, so...

Abelian quiver gauge theories provide nonsupersymmetric candidates for the conformality approach to physics beyond the standard model. Written asN = 0, U(N) gauge theories, however, they have mixed U(1)pU(1) 2 q and U(1)pSU(N) 2 q triangle anomalies. It is shown how to construct explicitly a compensatory term ∆Lcomp which restores gauge invariance of Leff = L+∆Lcomp under U(N). It can lead to a...

This paper models and analyzes multi-stage transfer lines with unreliable machines and finite buffers. The machines have exponential operation, failure, and repair processes. First, a mixed vector–scalar Markov process model is presented based on some notations of mixed vector–scalar operations. Then, several steady-state system properties are deduced from this model. These include the reversib...

Balancing U-type assembly lines under uncertainty is addressed in this research by formulating robust problem and developing an optimization model to design assembly lines that hedge against disruptions. U-type assembly layouts are shown to be more efficient than conventional straight lines. A great majority of the studies on these production systems assume deterministic environments and ignore...

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide. We describe the establishment and molecular characteristics of the DLBCL cell line U-2946. This cell line was derived from a 52-year-old male with DLBCL. U-2946 cells carried the chromosomal translocation t(8;14) and strongly expressed MYC, but not the mature B-cell lymphoma associated oncogenes BCL...