introduction: this study was conducted to evaluate the association of dimensions of an efficient teacher with entrepreneurial motivation from the viewpoint of students. methods: the study population of this research included 110 pharmacy students (above third semester) at kermanshah university of medical sciences, among whom 86 students were selected as the study sample through simple random sa...

Reading motivation is a well-researched topic in relation to first language literacy development due to its influence on both reading processes and outcomes. In second language reading, the role of motivation has not been as thoroughly explored. The aim of this review of literature is to highlight established studies as well as recent explorations in some recurring areas of first and second lan...

The difficulty in defining the concept of play arises partly from our lack of knowledge in its underlying motivation. While previous studies illustrated that people pursue hobbies in order “to see the fruits of my labor,” the question of individual differences in pursuing such activities has been left unanswered. In this study, we conducted interviews to focus on the experience of pursuing clas...