This work introduces the following concepts of directional and estimated Pareto front to encourage multi-objective decision making, especially when exists in limited regions objective space. The general output optimization is a set non-dominated solutions approximate front. When regions, few are obtained presented maker. representing value trade-off barrier making. introduced this study superse...

Most of data in a multi attribute decision making (MADM) problem are unstable and changeable, and thus sensitivity analysis can effectively contribute to making proper decisions. Here, we offer a new method for sensitivity analysis of multi-attribute decision making problems so that by changing one element of decision making matrix, we can determine changes in the results of a decision making p...

  Bi-level programming, a tool for modeling decentralized decisions, consists of the objective(s) of the leader at its first level and that is of the follower at the second level. Three level programming results when second level is itself a bi-level programming. By extending this idea it is possible to define multi-level programs with any number of levels. Supply chain planning problems are co...

With the development of social spiritual civilization, people pay more and attention to physical health. The construction sports facilities is an important way improve national quality, which helps promote exercise. So, demands around world are in climax. blind crazy expansion can alleviate people’s demand for exercise a certain extent, but there also risks environmental damage economic waste. ...

Many real projects complete through the realization of one and only one path of various possible network paths. Here, these networks are called alternative stochastic networks (ASNs). It is supposed that the nodes of considered network are probabilistic with exclusive-or receiver and exclusive-or emitter. First, an analytical approach is proposed to simplify the structure of t...