The snake transversus abdominis muscle is an extremely simple segmentally repeating muscle containing 80 to 100 muscle fibers in a single-fiber-thick sheet. This muscle exhibits a striking pattern of muscle fiber types: twitch fibers alternate with tonic fibers and, among the twitch fibers, slower and faster contracting subtypes also alternate. Thus, in many regions of the muscle the pattern of...

purpose : to compare the ability of scanning laser polarimetry (gdx vcc), and optical coherence tomography (oct) to discriminate eyes with primary open angle glaucoma (poag) from normal eyes and to assess the relationship between their parameters methods : eighty-seven glaucomatous eyes of 87 patients and 25 normal eyes were enrolled. the mean age of patients and normal group were 54.96±18.34 a...

Nerve activity controls fiber size and fiber type in skeletal muscle, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. We have previously shown that Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase and calcineurin control fiber type but not fiber size in regenerating rat skeletal muscle. Here we report that constitutively active protein kinase B (PKB), also known as Akt, increases fiber size...

Twelve male subjects with recreational resistance training backgrounds completed 12 wk of intensified resistance training (3 sessions/wk; 8 exercises/session; 3 sets/exercise; 10 repetitions maximum/set). All major muscle groups were trained, with four exercises emphasizing the forearm flexors. After training, strength (1-repetition maximum preacher curl) increased by 25% (P < 0.05). Magnetic r...

The interaction between the semitendinosus muscle and both hip and knee joint angles was examined in the frog (Ranu pip&s) hindlimb. Sarcomere length was measured by laser diffraction in passive muscle during hip and knee rotation. A model was then developed to predict semitendinosus sarcomere length ;Ls a function of both hip and knee Rexion angle. Based on published frog muscle fiber length-t...

We determined muscle fiber type-specific hypertrophy and changes in satellite cell (SC) content following a 12-week resistance training program in 13 healthy, elderly men (72 +/- 2 years). Leg strength and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography) were assessed, and muscle biopsy samples were collected. Leg strength increased 25%-30% after training (p < .001). ...

The real-time estimation of muscle forces could be a very valuable tool for rehabilitation. By seeing how much muscle force is being produced during rehabilitation, therapists know whether they are working within safe limits in their therapies and patients know if they are producing enough force to expect improvement. This is especially true for rehabilitation of Achilles tendon ruptures where,...